1. AIM: Describe instinctive and learned behaviors as well as patterns of behavior in animals? OBJ: Given notes and activity sheet SWBAT describe types and patterns of behavior in animals with 70% accuracy DN: Copy notes ACT: Introduction to behavior / patterns of behavior (notes) HW: Text, read p.149-154 and p.157-163; Complete What is Behavior? Activity Sheet; Vertebrate Exam, this Wednesday, Dec. 3

2. Lesson Notes Stimulus: a signal that causes an organism to react in some way. Response: an organism’s reaction to a stimulus. (All animal behaviors are caused by stimuli) Function of Behavior: survival and reproduction

3. Lesson Notes Instinct: behavior without being taught (not learned); a response that is inborn (coded in the genes) and performed correctly the first time. Learned Behavior: change in behavior based on practice or experience. Types of Learned Behavior: 1. Imprinting: newborn recognizes and follows the first moving object they see (e.g., duckling follows human)

4. Lesson Notes 2. Conditioning: a specific stimulus or response leads to a good or a bad outcome (e.g., Pavlov’s dog, salivate at the sound of a bell). 3. Trial-and-Error Learning: repeated practice that results in a reward and avoids behaviors that result in a punishment. 4. Insight Learning: using what you know to solve a problem.

5. Lesson Notes Patterns of Behavior Communication: animals use sounds, scents, body movements to communicate. Pheromone: a chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior of another animal of the same species (e.g., ant pheromone trail). Aggression: a threatening behavior that one animal uses to gain control over another animal. Aggression is due to competition over limited resources (food, water, space, shelter, and mates).

6. Lesson Notes Courtship Behavior: behavior to prepare for mating. Group Behavior: beneficial for safety in numbers and sharing (cooperation) in work, food, water, shelter. Circadian Rhythms: behavior cycles that occur over a day (e.g., awake/work daylight, sleep night time). Hibernation: sleep/reduced activity during winter in which the need for food has stopped. Migration: routine, seasonal journey of an animal from one place to another and back again.