2. CHAPTER 17 AMERICA AND WWII 1941-1945

3. Pearl Harbor  “A date which will live in infamy” -- FDR

4. USS Arizona today

5. “I never wanted to fight this war on two fronts. We haven’t got the Navy to fight in both the Atlantic and Pacific…” FDR to Eleanor Western Front Fighting Japan Eastern Front Fighting Germany

6. “Double V” campaign (for A-Americans)  2 “V”ictories  At home = stop racism  Abroad = stop Hitler’s racism

7. Tuskegee Airmen  1 st African-American air force  Flew in over 200 missions and never lost a member! First black American General in the Air Force!

8. Japanese Americans  Not allowed to serve at first  Most decorated units in U.S. military!  Native Americans serve fiercely!  Navajo Code Talkers

9. GO GIRL! Women in the war  Most women did clerical work  Made men available for combat  WASPs – women pilots / 300

10.  Turning point in the war!  Both Hitler and Stalin were fervent on winning because of the name of the city  Finally in Jan 1943 --- Nazis surrender

11.  What? Invade France  Who? General Eisenhower commander  America, Britain, and Canada  When? Setting the date was tricky!  June 6, 1944 (D-Day)  Where? Beaches of Normandy, FR  Why? Because we’re trying to beat Germany!

12. UTAH OMAHA GOLD SWORD JUNO PAGE 585 Blue = American Red = British Yellow = Canadian

13. 1939 - 1945 “Full Victory – Nothing Else” - Gen. Eisenhower The Italian Campaign and D- Day were the beginning of the end

14. December 1944 Belgium Last German Offensive

15. Yalta Conference  February 1945  Met at Yalta in Southern Russia (Ukraine)  The “Big Three”  Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin  Agreed to Have Russia attack Japan after Germ. surrender Divide Germany into zones after war Allow free elections in Eastern Europe

16.  Victory in Europe Day  May 8, 1945 Hitler commits suicide April 30, 1945

17. President Harry S Truman  Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) dies on April 12, 1945 FDR at Yalta Feb. 1945 Conference between the “Big Three”

18. Okinawa  Moving from island to island in the Pacific.  Trying to get close to Japan

19. Bataan Death March  Part of the Battle of Philippines  Japanese win  P.O.W.s forced to march 65 miles  Beaten, murdered, starved, forced to walk 5 days straight with only a sip of water, … you name it, they did it.  War crimes trial  A huge reason why WWII vets hate Japanese

20.  First invaded Guadalcanal (Aug 1942)  Then, went on to fight at Leyte Gulf (lay-tee) in the Philippines – take it back after Death March  Largest naval battle in history “People of Philippines, I have returned…” Leyte Gulf Japan

21. Focusing on Japan  Firebombing Japan  March - June 1945 Napalm – jellied gasoline civilians 67 cities 80,000 dead

22.  November 1944  Close enough to bomb Japan more efficiently April 1945 350 miles from Japan! OKINAWA

23.  “Divine Wind”  Suicide attacks

25. Manhattan Project  J. Robert Oppenheimer  Developing the atomic bomb

26. Hiroshima and Nagasaki  Enola Gay drops “Little Boy” on Hiroshima  4 sq mi flattened  70.000+ killed instantly  40,000 in Nagasaki  Emperor intervened

28.  Victory in Japan Day  August 15, 1945

29. Nuremberg Trials  22 leaders of Nazi Germany prosecuted  12 sentenced to death Similar trials held in Japan 25 Japanese Leaders Not the Emperor