1. Europe Explores the Globe Age of Exploration Notes

2. I.) Origins of overseas exploration A.Reasons for voyages beginning in 1400’s: 1. economic 2. religious reasons 3. spirit of adventure

3. A.Portugal takes the lead and heads east! 1. Henry the Navigator - 1420 explores west coast of Africa - discovers new source for gold 2. Bartholomeu Dias - 1488 rounds Cape of Good Hope (Africa) 3. Vasco da Gama - 1498 rounds Cape of Good Hope and cuts across to India (spices) II.) The Explorers

4. B. Spain takes a route west! 1. Christopher Columbus - travels west to find sea route to Asia - 1492 discovers Hispaniola and Cuba 2. Ferdinand Magellan - 1519 sets sail to find passage through America - 1520 passes through “Strait of Magellan” - first person to circumnavigate the globe

5. C. Treaty of Tordesillas: signed 1494; line in Atlantic giving Spain trade rights to route to Americas & trade rights to Africa 1. Amerigo Vespucci (Portugal & Spain) - crossed Atlantic several times between 1497-1504 - argued land was not Asia, called it “New World” - mapmakers begin calling land “America”

6. D. Britain begins to build an empire! 1. 1500’s = busy with problems at home 2. 1600’s = begin to explore and colonize E.Queen Elizabeth I 1. wants to expand Britain’s power overseas 2. grants a charter to the British East India Company - set up trading posts, expand influence, defend interests

7. F. John Cabot (1497-98) 1. explores Americas (New England coast) for England G. Sea Dogs: English sea captains/pirates/traders who sail Atlantic challenging Spain & Portugal for sea trade Examples: Sir Francis Drake Sir Walter Raleigh Sir John Hawkins H. Henry Hudson 1. explores Americas for NW Passage & discovers Hudson Bay & River I.British Settlements in America 1. Jamestown (1607) 2. Plymouth (1620)