1. The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea
Chapter 11, part B
The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

2. The  (beta) Proteobacteria
 Proteobacteria include chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs. Members of this sub-phylum are found in soil and water and some are human pathogens. They generally derive nutrients from decomposition of organic material.

3. The  (beta) Proteobacteria
Thiobacillus
Chemoautotrophic, oxidize sulfur: H2S  SO42–
Sphaerotilus
Chemoheterotophic, form sheaths
Figure 11.5

4. The  (beta) Proteobacteria
Neisseria
Chemoheterotrophic, cocci
N. meningitidis
N. gonorrhoeae
Spirillum
Chemoheterotrophic, helical
Figure 11.4 & 6

5. The  (beta) Proteobacteria
Bordetella
Chemoheterotrophic, rods
B. pertussis
Bordetella is the most common cause of tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) in dogs.
Zoogloea. Slimy masses in aerobic sewage-treatment processes sprinkler systems

6. The  (gamma) Proteobacteria
Largest subgroup of proteobacteria. Varied physiology, include the orders Pseudomonadales, Legionellales, Vibrionales, Enterobacteriales, and Pasteurellales.

7. The  (gamma) Proteobacteria
Pseudomonadales:
Pseudomonas
Opportunistic pathogens
Metabolically diverse
Polar flagella
Often produce water soluble pigments
Plant and animal pathogen
Figure 11.7

8. The  (gamma) Proteobacteria
Legionellales:
Legionella
Found in streams, warm-water pipes, cooling towers
L. pneumophilia
Hartmannella vermiformis amoeba filled with Legionella pneumophila
(Photo: Holland/Özel, Robert Koch-Institut)
Figure 24.15b

9. The  (gamma) Proteobacteria
Vibrionales:
Found in coastal water
Vibrio cholerae causes cholera “rice water stool”
V. parahaemolyticus causes gastroenteritis
Figure 11.8

10. The  (gamma) Proteobacteria
Enterobacteriales (enterics):
Facultatively anaerobic; Peritrichous flagella
Enterobacter
Erwinia
Escherichia
Klebsiella
Proteus
Salmonella
Serratia
Shigella
Yersinia

11. The  (gamma) Proteobacteria
Figure 11.9a, b

12. Salmonella Salmonella enterica Hundreds of serotypes
Often named by place of origin
Poultry / eggs? salmonellosis
Salmonella typhi
Typhoid Mary and typhoid fever
An illustration of Typhoid Mary that appeared in 1909 in The New York American.(Public Domain)

13. More enterics Escherichia E. coli Serratia marcescens
Nosocomial infections
Red pigment
Shigella
Bacillary dysentery or shigellosis
Proteus
Swarming colonies - UTI
Yersinia
Plague, Black Death
Vectored by flea
Large capsule
Erwinia
Plant soft rot
Enterobacter
UTI

14. The  (gamma) Proteobacteria
Pasteurellales:
Pasteurella
Cause pneumonia and septicemia
humans can acquire the organism from dog or cat bites. Patients tend to exhibit swelling, cellulitis, and some bloody drainage at the wound site.
Haemophilus
Haemophilus "loves heme", more specifically it requires a precursor of heme in order to grow

15. The  (gamma) Proteobacteria
Francisella
Chemoheterotrophic, tularemia “rabbit fever”