1. American Romanticism 1800-1855 Celebrating the Individual

2. The Spirit of Exploration “manifest destiny”: idea that it was the destiny of the U.S. to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory. “manifest destiny”: idea that it was the destiny of the U.S. to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory. Industrial Revolution: changed the country from agrarian economy to an industrial powerhouse (cotton gin.) Industrial Revolution: changed the country from agrarian economy to an industrial powerhouse (cotton gin.)

3. The Spirit of Exploration 1803 the Louisiana Purchase; opens up the frontier. 1803 the Louisiana Purchase; opens up the frontier. War of 1812 against Britain; opens more land for resettlement and starts Industrial Revolution. War of 1812 against Britain; opens more land for resettlement and starts Industrial Revolution. 1830 “Indian Removal Act” 1830 “Indian Removal Act” 1840s California gold-rush 1840s California gold-rush 1845 Mexican-American War 1845 Mexican-American War

4. Ideas of the Age Nationalism: The belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries. Secretary of State: John Quincy Adams

5. Romantic Philosophy The short story is born. The short story is born. Celebrated emotions and the individual. Celebrated emotions and the individual. The splendors of nature inspired romantics more than the fear of God. The splendors of nature inspired romantics more than the fear of God.

6. Washington Irving First truly popular American writer. First truly popular American writer. Wrote: “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” “Rip Van Winkle” “Rip Van Winkle”

7. Types of Romantic writers “Fireside poets”: a group of New England poets who get their name from the 19 th Century family custom of reading poetry beside a fire. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, James Russell Lowell, Oliver Wendell Holmes, John Greenleaf Whittier

8. Where do people look for truth?

9. Transcendentalists A philosophy & literary movement that emphasized living a simple life and celebrating the truth found in nature. Ralph Waldo Emerson Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau

10. Does everyone have a dark side? a dark side?

11. Gothics “Brooding” romantics—a complex philosophy filled with dark currents and a deep awareness of the human capacity for evil. Gothic elements: grotesque characters, bizarre situations, and violent events in their fiction. Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville

12. Literature for Unit “Walden” (p. 370) by Henry David Thoreau “Self-Reliance” (pp. 360) by Ralph Waldo Emerson “A Rose for Emily” by William Faulkner (p. 1018) “The Fall of the House of Usher” (p. 402) by Edgar Allan Poe “Danse Macabre” (p. 450) by Stephen King