1. Parenthetical Elements What are they? How do they work? ( ), -- ( ) --,

2. Parenthetical Elements Sentence Interrupter Removable Surrounded by parentheses, commas, or dashes Without it, you still have a good sentence.

3. POINTS to REMEMBER! The appositive renames the noun. The appositive follows the noun.

4. EXAMPLES

5. POINTS to REMEMBER! If you remove the appositive, you still have a complete sentence left. John Kennedy was known for his eloquent and inspirational speeches.

6. Appositive phrases:. Ellie’s third grade sister (a fan of all the Disney stories) reads every after chance she can get. Mrs. Jones, my English teacher, is a bibliophile. Books inspire readers -- from the very young to the very old -- because they are a great escape.

7. Appositive phrases: Ellie’s younger sister reads every chance she gets. She is a fan of all Disney stories. Ellie’s younger sister reads every chance she gets. a fan of all Disney stories

8. Appositive phrases: Ellie’s younger sister a fan of all Disney stories reads every chance she gets. Ellie’s younger sister a fan of all Disney stories reads every chance she gets. ()

9. Appositive phrases: Mr. Jones is a bibliophile. He is my English teacher. Mr. Jones is a bibliophile. my English teacher

10. Appositive phrases: Mr. Jones my English teacher is a bibliophile. Mr. Jones my English teacher is a bibliophile.,,

11. Appositive phrases: Books inspire readers and are a great escape. Readers can be both young and old. Books inspire readers and are a great escape. both young and old

12. Appositive phrases: Books inspire readers both young and old and are a great escape. Books inspire readers both young and old and are a great escape. --

13. Illinois (the birthplace of Abraham Lincoln) became the 21 st state on December 3, 1818. Illinois became the 21 st state on December 3, 1818. Omit the phrase that describes Illinois and you still have a good sentence:

14. Omit the phrase that describes April and you still have a good sentence: April, the first month of spring, is the prettiest time of the year. April is the prettiest time of the year.

15. Omit the phrase that describes October and you still have a good sentence: October--on the other hand-- starts getting too cold. October starts getting too cold.

16. Parenthetical words and phrases can be placed between parentheses. Jenny ( the manager of Starbucks knows what coffee I like. ) Jenny knows what coffee I like.

17. Parenthetical words and phrases can also be placed between commas. Jenny, the manager of Starbucks knows what coffee I like., Jenny knows what coffee I like.

18. Parenthetical words and phrases can also be placed between dashes. Jenny -- the manager of Starbucks knows what coffee I like. -- Jenny knows what coffee I like.

19. Mrs. Schmidtyour English teacher() would like to thank you-- the Class of 2011-- for coming todayApril 14 2010.,,

20. The End