1. Christianity

2. Important Elements One God but exists in the Trinity: God the Father God the Son (God taking human form) The Holy Spirit (the actions of believers) Christians worship in churches. Spiritual leaders are called priests or ministers. The Bible combining the Old Testament (mostly made up of the Jewish Torah) and the New Testament following the teachings of Jesus Important days: Easter – the celebration of Jesus dying on the cross and rebirth Christmas – the celebration of Jesus’ birth

3. Important Elements Justification by faith (belief in Jesus as the Son of God, his death, and his resurrection will give a right relationship with God) Forgiveness Trinity Life after death – Heaven Saints (Roman Catholic and Orthodox traditions primarily) Prayer – speaking to God

4. Jesus Believed by Christians to be the Messiah promised in the Old Testament (Judaism’s Torah) the Son of God sent to earth by God to save humanity from their sins Gave his life on the Cross (the Crucifixion) and rose from the dead on the third day (Resurrection) Teachings summarized as the love of God and the love of one’s neighbour

6. Mary Seen as the mother of God by some Christian groups

7. The Church God’s body on earth – where the Holy Spirit manifests Nurtures faith on earth Where Christians are brought together into one body through the Eucharist

8. Holy Places Jerusalem Nazareth Bethlehem

9. Baptism A commitment to the teachings of Jesus Often done at birth; sometimes done to adults

10. Eucharist Greek word for thanksgiving AKA Communion Celebration of Jesus’ final meal with his disciples before his death (the Last Supper) Bread and wine Bread represents Jesus’ body Wine represents Jesus’ blood

11. The Trinity God Only one ~ Trinity of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit Everywhere Created the universe Intervenes in the universe Loves all unconditionally Gets to know humans through human prayer, worship, love, and mystical experiences

12. The Trinity God the Son Lived on earth as Jesus Both wholly God and wholly human Born to a human woman, Mary, but conceived of the Holy Spirit Subject to pain, suffering, and sorrow like other humans Executed by Crucifixion Rose from the dead at the Resurrection Jesus provides a perfect example of how God wants humans to live Died on the Cross so that people who believe in him will be forgiven for their sins

13. The Trinity The Holy Spirit After Resurrection, Jesus remained on earth only for a few days before going to Heaven Fulfillment of Jesus’ promise that he would stay with his followers to guide them Continues to guide, comfort, and encourage Christians

14. Crucifixion

15. Resurrection

16. The Crusades A series of wars that took place in the Middle Ages between Christians and Muslims over the Holy Lands Christians believed that the Holy Lands were rightfully theirs despite hundreds of years or more of Muslims peacefully living on these same lands

17. Relics An object, particularly a piece of a body (bone, blood, etc) or item used by someone of religious importance Many Christian groups believe that relics hold significant powers and can heal people of certain ailments The Skull of St Yves

18. Martin Luther Important early figure in Christian reform: the Protestant Reformation Disputed idea that freedom from God’s punishment for sin could be purchased with money Ninety-Five Theses (1517) Excommunication (1521) Salvation and eternity in heaven comes not from good deeds but received as a gift of God’s grace and faith in Jesus as the redeemer of sin

19. John Calvin Institutes of the Christian Religion (1536) Focused on the idea of predestination and the absolute sovereignty of God in salvation of the human soul from death and damnation

20. Henry VIII King of England (1509-1547) One of the leaders of a reform movement against the Church in Rome: The English Reformation Henry’s role in the English Reformation was more political than theological: Henry desired annulment of his marriage Henry was tired of paying taxes to Rome Henry was tired of the Pope having final say over the appointment of bishops Believer of the core Catholic teachings

22. Catholic Scripture and tradition Pope speaks for God Salvation through 7 sacraments Believe in purgatory Protestant Just scripture No human can speak for God Faith alone will provide salvation No purgatory Split off in 1500s