1. Company LOGO EFFECTS OF GARLIC ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PARAMETERS BY FAROUK EL-SABBAN AND ZORIAH AZIZ 1 MSPP MEETING - KUALA LUMPUR April 5, 2008 Department of Family Sciences, College for Women, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969 - Safat 13060, State of Kuwait 1 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

2. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum)  A CLOSE RELATIVE OF ONION (A. cepa).  A VERY COMMON ITEM IN THE KITCHEN (ALL OVER THE WORLD).  HAS BEEN IN USE FOR MANY CENTURIES.  HAS BEEN REGARDED AS BENEFICIAL TO HEALTH BY MANY CULTURES.  HAS BEEN PRESCRIBED AMONG “FOLK” MEDICINE REMEDIES.

3. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum) USES:  FOR FLAVOURING/SEASONING.  IN SALADS & SALAD DRESSINGS.  AN INGREDIENT OF MANY COOKED DISHES AND MEATS.

4. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum) FORMS OF USE:  FRESH (BULBS/CLOVES): WHOLE, SLICED, CHOPPED, SQUEEZED: FOR COOKING/HEALTH.  DRIED: POWDER: FOR COOKING. TABLETS: FOR HEALTH.  OIL CAPSULES: FOR HEALTH

5. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum)  NUMEROUS POPULAR ARTICLES & HEALTH NEWS BULLETINS HAVE BEEN WRITTEN.  ADVANCES IN ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES HAVE STIMULATED RENEWED INTEREST IN THE BENEFICIAL INFLUENCE OF GARLIC DURING THE LAST DECADE.  THIS PRESENTATION EXPLORES THE RELEVANT SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE IN RELATION TO THE EFFECT OF GARLIC ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

6. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum) CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS:  HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL LEVEL.  HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE.  OBESITY.  HIGH BLOOD SUGAR (DIABETES?).  CIGARETTE SMOKING.  ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.

7. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum) DATA OF KIESEWETTER et al., 1991 (800 mg garlic powder/day for 4 weeks) (120 volunteer subjects) ParameterAt beginningAt end% change RBC Vel. (skin) mm/sec 0.630.9347 Diastolic BP mm Hg 4767- 9.5 Blood Glucose mg% 8979- 11.6 Plasma Viscosity 1.251.21- 3.2

8. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum) DATA OF Jung et al., 1991 (900 mg garlic powder for 5 hours) (10 volunteer subjects) ParameterAt beginningAt end% change RBC Vel. (skin) mm/sec 0.630.9347 Diastolic BP mm Hg 4767- 9.5 Blood Glucose mg% 8979- 11.6 Plasma Viscosity 1.251.21- 3.2

9. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum) DATA IN ARZENEIMITTEL-FORSCHUNG 40(10) 1111-1116, 1990 (800 mg garlic powder/day for 16 weeks) (219 hyperlidemia patients, > 200 mg % TG) ParameterAt beginningAt end% change Cholesterol mg % 266235-12 Triglycerides mg % 226118- 17

10. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum) DATA OF HARENBERG et al., 1988 (100 mg garlic powder/day for 4 weeks) (20 hyperlipoproteinemia patients) (experienced myocardial infarction) ParameterAt beginningAt end% change Cholesterol mg % 279258-7-7 Fibrinogen mg % 333300-10 Systolic BP mm Hg 137126-11 Diastolic BP mm Hg 8681-6-6

11. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum) DATA IN BRIT. J. CLIN. PRACTICE 69: 3-6, 1990 (Garlic powder intake for 12 weeks) (47 hospital out-patients) ParameterAt beginningAt end% change Diastolic BP mm Hg 10289- 13

12. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum) INFLUENCE OF GARLIC ON THROMBOSIS:  REDUCES FORMATION OF THROMBOXANE (TXB2), A PRO-AGGREGATORY FACTOR.  REDUCES LIPOXYGENASE-DERIVED PRODUCTS, PRO-AGGREGATORY.  STOPS SPONTANEOUS THROMBUS FORMATION.  INHIBITS PLATELET AGGREGATION, IN VITRO.

13. Company LOGO GARLIC (Allium sativum) A SUMMARY OF HEALTH BENEFITS:  REDUCES VALUES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS:  Cholesterol  Blood pressure  Blood glucose  Triglycerides  OFFERS PROTECTION TO VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM FROM FREE RADICAL INJURY.

14. Company LOGO Cont...  POSSESSES ANTI-THROMBOTIC PROPERTY AND REDUCES PLASMA VISCOSITY.  WOULD BE OF A PARTICULAR VALUE TO THOSE INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE ALLERGIC TO ASPIRIN OR INTOLERANT OF IT.

15. Company LOGO Thanks for Listening Any Questions?