1. Policies and measures in the waste sector in third national communications Niklas Höhne

2. 2 Emission sources in the waste sector Solid waste disposal: CH 4 from landfills Waste incineration: CO 2 and N 2 O Waste water treatment: CH 4 and N 2 O

3. 3 Emission profile for waste Usually 2-8 % of total national emissions Decreasing trend in the 90‘s for most Parties Future emissions expected to decrease further Underlying drivers: –Reduced emissions of untreated landfill gas –Shift from landfilling to minimisation, recycling and incineration

4. 4 Implementation issues All Parties reported PaMs in the waste sector Objectives: general environmental objectives but also specifically targeted at climate Linkages: pollution prevention Instruments: regulation and taxes (e.g. landfilling), training and awareness (e.g. waste minimization)

5. 5 Hierarchy Waste minimization Source separation Waste reuse Material recycling Energy recycling (i.e. incineration) Safe disposal

6. 6 Main areas of action in the waste sector Landfills (Capture and treatment of landfill gas, less waste landfilled) Waste incineration Waste minimization and material recycling

7. 7 Conclusions Landfill gas emission reductions: immediate emission reductions at relatively low cost Waste minimization and recycling: delayed effect on GHG emissions but reductions in the long- term