1. Waste Management and Resource Efficiency
EPSU
14th June 2012
Michel Sponar
DG Environment, Unit C2

2. Outline Context – the existing EU Waste Management Approach
The Roadmap on Resource Efficiency
Key Challenges
Next Steps and Conclusions

3. The EU Waste Management Approach

4. Thematic Strategy on Waste Prevention and Recycling
Framework
Waste Framework
Directive
(Includes Municipal and Construction
Demolition waste)
Waste Shipment
Regulation
Treatment
Incineration Directive
Landfill Directive
Recycling Standards
(future)
Packaging
Batteries
WEEE &
Restriction
of use
Vehicles
Mining
waste
Sewage
Sludge
PCB/
PCT
Streams
In Brown : with targets

5. European Binding targets
EU Targets  
Recovery
Recycling
Collection rate
Packaging
2008
60%
55%
Cars
2015
95%
85%
100%
Electronics
2006
2016
2019/21
70%
50%
min 4 kg per inhabitant per year
85% of WEEE arising (recast)
Batteries
2011
50% to 75% (efficiency)
2012
25%
 45%
Tyres
0 landfill of tyres
Biowaste diverted from landfills
reduction to 75% of the 1995 level
2009
reduction to 50% of the 1995 level
reduction to 35% of the 1995 level
Municipal waste
Separate collection: at least paper/metal/plastic/glass
2020
50% recycling household waste
Construction/Demolition
70% construction and demolition waste re-use/recovery and recycling 5

6. Prevention
Preparing for
re-use
Recycling
Recovery
Safe disposal
WASTE
PRODUCT (NON-WASTE)

7. Roadmap on Resource Efficiency

8. EU 2020 Strategy - 3 priorities,…/…
Smart Growth – Focus on Education, research
Sustainable Growth – Low Carbon, Resource efficiency
Inclusive Growth - high-employment/ economic, social and territorial cohesion
5 targets .
Employment
75% of the year-olds to be employed
2. R&D / innovation
3% of the EU's GDP (public and private combined) to be invested in R&D/innovation
3. Climate change / energy
greenhouse gas emissions 20% (or even 30%, if the conditions are right) lower than 1990
20% of energy from renewables
20% increase in energy efficiency
4. Education
Reducing school drop-out rates below 10%
at least 40% of 30-34–year-olds completing third level education
5. Poverty / social exclusion
at least 20 million fewer people in or at risk of poverty and social exclusion
7 “Flagships”
Digital Agenda, New skills and jobs, Innovation Union, Industrial policy, Youth on the move, Platform against Poverty and … Resource Efficiency

9. Main messages:
Projections of resource needs is influenced by the expected increase of word's population combined with an increase demand from emerging middle classes
Global extraction of resources is expected to increase from 58 billion tons in 2005 to more than 100 billion tons in 2030 representing an increase of 75% in 25 years. Biomass, metals and minerals are representing more than 80% of the future demand in tonnage.
Source: EEA 2010 derived from SERI GLOBAL 2000, Friends of the Earth Europe (2009) 9

11. Source: Eurostat Comext Statistics, EEA 2010, The European Environment, State and Outlook 2010 : Thematic Assessment – Material Resources and Waste 11

12. Waste Thematic Strategy September 2011 Roadmap on Resource Efficiency
9/1- Report on the
Waste Thematic Strategy
September 2011
Roadmap on
Resource Efficiency
26/1- A resource-efficient
Europe – Flagship initiative
Under 2020 Strategy
2/2 – Raw Material Initiative
EU’s trade strategy
Sustainable extraction
Resource efficiency and
recycling
March 2012
Innovation
Partnership 12

13. The Resource-efficiency Roadmap
Horizontal conditions for transforming the economy:
SCP, waste as resource
Innovation, Harmful subsidies and getting the price right
Natural capital and ecosystem services
Ecosystems services and Biodiversity
Minerals and metals
Water, Marine resources
Air, Land and soils
Key economic sectors: food, mobility and buildings
Governance and Monitoring

14. Waste as resource 2020 aspirational objectives
Full implementation of the EU waste acquis
Waste generation per capita in decline
Recycling and reuse are economically attractive
Energy recovery limited to non-recyclable materials
Landfilling virtually eliminated

15. Waste as Resource – In practice
Review targets on prevention, reuse and recycling and landfill diversion (2014)
Other supportive measures
EU public funding aligned with waste hierarchy
Improve coherence of the EU legislation
Product policy (reusability, recyclability, recycled content, durability)
Measures to extent the producer responsibility

16. Challenges

17. Municipal waste generation
Source: Eurostat 2012 17

18. Municipal waste generation vs GDP
Source: Eurostat 2010
Source: Eurostat 2011 18

19. Municipal waste Treatment (2010)
Source: Eurostat 2012
Source: Eurostat 2012 19

20. Economic Instruments Focus on:
Waste disposal & treatment fees (landfill & incineration)
Pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) schemes
Producer responsibility schemes 20

21. Landfill cost vs Landfill rates21

22. PAYT schemes
Source: U. Gianolio, Erica 2011 22

23. Producer Responsibility
Main messages:
New progress expected by the application of the current legislation
Nevertheless, without new initiatives it might appear that current EU targets are not sufficient to meet notably the ‘resource’ challenge : for instance more than 75M tons of waste should still be landfilled in 2020
Increased recycling represents also an opportunity in terms of job creation: around half a million jobs could be created if recycling rates rise to 70%
Future trends in waste generation: + 7% without new policies
Recycling: +10%, almost 50% in 2020
Landfilling: - 10%, almost 30% in 2020
Total amount collected - EPR schemes in France
Source: Ademe 2011 23

24. Producer Responsibility
Participation cost per material in 6 Member States vs recycling performances
Source: IEEP ongoing study 2011

25. Next Steps - Conclusions

26. Proposal for new recycling and landfill diversion targets (2014)
Next steps ( )
Recast of the WEEE Directive
Economic instruments and waste prevention/management performances
New rules on the use of structural funds
Assessment of the National Waste Management plans – Modelling
Proposals for ecodesign measures
Fitness check of specific recycling directives
Producer Responsibility – analysis and possibly guidance
Proposal for new recycling and landfill diversion targets (2014)

27. Conclusions More prevention, reuse and recycling means:
Job Creation– potential for 0.5 to 0.7 Millions jobs
Access to Raw material
Increase competitiveness of EU Industry
Increase Resource Efficiency
Reduce GHG Emissions – 19 to 31% of the 2020 target
Boost innovation – critical/impacting raw materials
In summary, a perfect contribution to the EU 2020 strategy!

28. Thank you for your attention !
Additional sources of information:
DG ENV “waste” website:
Resource Efficiency:
Study on Economic Instruments:
Eurostat Databases:
Study on economic instruments:
EEA: 28