1. Protein Synthesis The process of putting together amino acids to form proteins in the cell. The process of putting together amino acids to form proteins in the cell.

2. Background Ribosome- Ribosome- Organelle for protein synthesis Organelle for protein synthesis Amino acids Amino acids Monomers of proteins Monomers of proteins 20 known 20 known

3. Background Protein- a chain of amino acids in a specific order Protein- a chain of amino acids in a specific order Note- the sequence of amino acids determines the protein made Note- the sequence of amino acids determines the protein made Nucleus- control center of the cell Nucleus- control center of the cell The DNA on the chromosomes carry the code The DNA on the chromosomes carry the code DNA remains in the nucleus DNA remains in the nucleus

4. Protein Synthesis DNA  RNA  Protein DNA  RNA  Protein “Code” from DNA (in the nucleus) is used at the ribosome (in the cytoplasm). “Code” from DNA (in the nucleus) is used at the ribosome (in the cytoplasm).

5. Protein Synthesis DNA contains the code in the sequence of 3 bases DNA contains the code in the sequence of 3 bases Codon Codon 3 letter sequence of bases that is specific to an amino acid (found on DNA & mRNA) 3 letter sequence of bases that is specific to an amino acid (found on DNA & mRNA)

6. Transcription (p 206) mRNA copies the code (codons) from the DNA mRNA copies the code (codons) from the DNA Base pairs match up Base pairs match up A-U, C-G A-U, C-G

7. mRNA mRNA leaves the nucleus with the code (codons copied from DNA) mRNA leaves the nucleus with the code (codons copied from DNA) mRNA moves to the ribosome in cytoplasm mRNA moves to the ribosome in cytoplasm

8. Translation (pp 208-209) mRNA attaches to the ribosome mRNA attaches to the ribosome Ribosome “reads” the codons along the mRNA strand Ribosome “reads” the codons along the mRNA strand tRNA brings the amino acid to the ribosome tRNA brings the amino acid to the ribosome

9. Translation (pp 208-209) Amino acids bond together to form a polypeptide chain which becomes the protein Amino acids bond together to form a polypeptide chain which becomes the protein Peptide bonds hold amino acids together Peptide bonds hold amino acids together

10. tRNA Contains anticodons that match the codons on the mRNA Contains anticodons that match the codons on the mRNA

11. All Images- Clip Art