1. ACIDS AND BASES By: Farhana M. Lucman iii-neon Kathreena C. Lagura Kathreena C. Lagura

2. What are the physical and chemical behavior of acids and bases? Acids taste sour, are corrosive to metals, change litmus (a dye extracted from lichens) red, and become less acidic when mixed with bases. Acids taste sour, are corrosive to metals, change litmus (a dye extracted from lichens) red, and become less acidic when mixed with bases. bases Bases feel slippery, change litmus blue, and become less basic when mixed with acids. Bases feel slippery, change litmus blue, and become less basic when mixed with acids.acids

3. How do we differentiate an acid from a base? Acids: · release a hydrogen ion into water (aqueous) solution. · neutralize bases in a neutralization reaction. · corrode active metals. · turn blue litmus to red. · taste sour.

4. Bases: · release a hydroxide ion into water solution. · neutralize acids in a neutralization reaction. · neutralize acids in a neutralization reaction. · denature protein. · turn red litmus to blue. · taste bitter.

5. How are the strength of acids and bases identified?  The strength of acids and bases are identified through the amount acid quality of a solution that depends upon the concentration of ionized hydrogens.

6. How are acids and bases quantified? Diprotic - has two ionizable hydrogens per formula (or two mols of ionizable hydrogen per mol of acid). Diprotic - has two ionizable hydrogens per formula (or two mols of ionizable hydrogen per mol of acid). Monoprotic - having only one ionizable proton per formula. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4, is a weak acid. Monoprotic - having only one ionizable proton per formula. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4, is a weak acid. Triprotic - has three hydrogen ions available to ionize and lose as a proton, and so phosphoric acid Triprotic - has three hydrogen ions available to ionize and lose as a proton, and so phosphoric acid Polyprotic - with two or more ionizable hydrogens Polyprotic - with two or more ionizable hydrogens

7. What are pH indicators? A pH indicator is a halochromic chemical compound that is added in small amounts to a solution so that the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually. Hence a pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions (H3O+) or hydrogen ions(H+) in the Arrhenius model. Normally, the indicator causes the color of the solution to change dependingon the pH. halochromic compound solution pHacidity basicity chemical hydronium Arrhenius model color halochromic compound solution pHacidity basicity chemical hydronium Arrhenius model color

8. What are common applications/uses of acids and bases? Acids and bases can be found everywhere in the world around us. Lactic acid occurs in sour milk, citric acid in citrus fruits, oxalic acid in rhubarb, malic acid in apples, and tartaric acid in wine. Baking soda, antacids, and lye all contain bases.Acids and bases are also used widely in industry.The most important single use of acids and bases is in the manufacture of other chemicals. Fertilizers, synthetic fabrics, pigments, other chemicals. Fertilizers, synthetic fabrics, pigments, petroleum, iron and steel, explosives, dyes, plastics, pesticides, soaps and detergents, paper, film, and many other chemicals are produced from acids and bases. They are also used for various other purposes, including cleaning surfaces, refining oil and sugar, electroplating metals, and treating food products.

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