1. PLEASE NOTE This particular set of notes was not completely presented by using PowerPoint slides. Some information was presented using overhead transparencies. Please see me or a classmate for the additional information.

2. Purposes of the Respiratory System 1. Exchange O 2 and CO 2 (closely tied with circulatory system) 2. Convert monosaccharides to usable energy (requires O 2 )

3. Respiratory System Parts 1. Nostrils – Air intake 2. Nasal Passage – filter, warm, and moisten air Summary Video

4. Respiratory System Parts 3. Pharynx – back of throat 4. Epiglottis – Prevents food from entering the trachea 5. Glottis – Opening to the trachea

5. Respiratory System Parts 6. Larynx – Voicebox (click on picture) 7. Trachea – Windpipe; has rings of cartilage

6. Respiratory System Parts 8. Bronchus – right and left; major branches from trachea 9. Bronchial tubes – smaller divisions of bronchus

7. Respiratory System Parts 10. Bronchioles – Smallest divisions of bronchial tubes 11. Alveoli – Dead end sacs; very thin; site of gas exchange with circulatory system

8. Respiratory System Parts 12. Capillaries – Gas exchange from blood to lungs 13. Diaphragm – Muscle below lungs that helps with breathing

9. Respiratory System Parts 14. Esophagus – Tube from mouth to stomach 15. Pleural membrane – smooth covering which lines outside of lungs Back to the overhead – breathing video

10. Lung Cancer - tumors in bronchi; wheezing, cough up blood - Deadliest type of cancer. More people die of lung cancer each year than die from breast, colon, and prostate cancer combined - Cigarette smoking is leading cause of lung cancer

11. Pneumonia - Infection of lung (bacteria or virus) - cough, fever, shortness of breath - Antibiotics if bacterial

12. Emphysema - Alveoli are being destroyed - Cough with mucous; short of breath - No cure; inhaler and oxygen tank to treat

13. Bronchitis - Inflammation of bronchi - Usually a virus - Medication to reduce inflammation

14. Cellular Respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6 CO 2 +6 H 2 O + 36 ATP Enzymes Mitochondria Can we do an experiment with humans and cellular respiration for extra credit? Maybe, but there’s something even easier to use... Yeast.

16. Cellular Respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6 CO 2 +6 H 2 O + 36 ATP Enzymes Mitochondria In today’s lab, we will do an experiment to determine how much cellular respiration our bodies do. What could we test for and how?