1. Geographical Issues

2. What is a Geographical Issue? It involves the interaction of the physical and human environments. They have the following aspects: Spatial dimension Ecological dimension Particular scale Geographical processes Different perspectives Different groups involved in the issues

3. Geographical Issues Spatial inequality Urban Growth and decline Air Quality Waste Management Costal Management Land and water Management

4. Spatial Inequality Is the differences that exist among a community based on resources and services that are provided. It is believed that Australia is an egalitarian society but this is not true rural and urban areas have very different facilities available to them. This is an issue as Geographers aim to accesses resources to all in a fair and equitable way. There is a rise in poverty in migrant, women and indigenous people

5. Coastal Management The coastline is our main resource and this is under pressure by development and natural processes This issue exists as the coastline is changing and thus impacting on the physical attribute of the coast but also in terms of the resources that the coast provides us with

6. Waste Management With an increase in population and strain on resources, waste in recent times has become an issue for the community The type of waste as well as how it is destroyed heavily impacts the community and society The promotion of recycling and waste disposal is essential as the urban areas are growing in population but in industry as well

7. Air Quality Air pollution is a major environmental issue especially with the ozone layer depletion and the effects of global warming evident The poor management of pollution has meant the poor health of the population has been affected as well as the environmental impacts that have been witnessed are all due to poor air quality

8. Land and Water Management As a dry country, water management is really important to the country Land management is important for rural Australia due to the levels of salinity that can affect a harvest but also the animals in a rural areas These two issues are intertwined together as land and water affect each other

9. Urban Growth and Decline These are issues that affect cities in Australia Urban growth refers to the cities increasing in area and population Urban decline refers to areas that have been disused due to industry changes or community changes This have influenced urban consolidation, urban decay, urban renewal, and suburbanisation As new areas become developed, older suburbs become redeveloped

10. Research Action Plan (RAP) When investigating an issue with fieldwork study is useful so that areas can be investigated and researched thus resulting into a very useful solution being suggested. In your School Certificate, you will need to complete a RAP for the fieldwork we undertake

11. RAP Steps 1.Aim- Identify the aim/purpose of the fieldwork 2.Questions- generate questions that can be the focus of the investigation 3.Data- decide on primary and secondary data that can be used to answer your questions 4.Techniques- identify the techniques that you will use to collect the data 5.Collection-Collect all primary and secondary data 6.Processing- Process and analyse the data you have collected 7.Presenting- Select presentation methods to communicate your research findings

12. School Certificate Question- 2009

13. SC 2009

14. SC 2008