1. A Revolution Begins In France

2. The Old Regime In the 1700’s… Large Population Prosperous trade Great Unrest in France High Taxes, High Prices, Bad Harvests ENLIGHTENMENT raised questions!

3. 3 Estates 1 st Estate- Clergy and Monarchy (2% of income to tax) 2 nd Estate- Rich Nobles and Landowners (0% to tax) 3 rd Estate- Workers, servants, tradespeople, merchants, peasants (50% to tax)

4. Louis XIV Extravagant & Lavish Sun King Age of 5 Palace of Versailles

5. The Palace of Versailles Located in Versailles France, outside of ParisLocated in Versailles France, outside of Paris Cost: estimated $2 Billion (no receipt)Cost: estimated $2 Billion (no receipt) Took 36,000 workers and 6,000 horsesTook 36,000 workers and 6,000 horses 15,000 acres of gardens, lawns, and woods15,000 acres of gardens, lawns, and woods About 1,400 fountains and 2,000 roomsAbout 1,400 fountains and 2,000 rooms

6. Facts Began as a hunting lodgeBegan as a hunting lodge Showed the absolute power of the KingShowed the absolute power of the King Used as a center for the artsUsed as a center for the arts Art glorified the Sun King, not God or human potentialArt glorified the Sun King, not God or human potential Used to impress other European MonarchsUsed to impress other European Monarchs

7. Louis XVI His kingdom already in a BIG deficit Did not listen to advisers Had little interest being king Lacked ability to make ‘tough’ decisions ‘Wimpy’ Married to Marie Antoinette

8. Marie Antoinette Madame Deficit Her own ‘village’ built Wigs and Wigs Spent $$ on jewelry, clothing, gambling She was NOT French (Austrian, political marriage) Only 15 when she married

9. Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette NO Kids ?? Why ?

10. The Estates General Meets King Louis XVI was running out of money…new tax on 2 nd Estate? No tax without Estates General Vote An assembly (congress) made up of people from all 3 estates Haven’t met in 175 years? Why? Each estate has one vote? Who would always get outvoted?

11. The National Assembly Tired of always being outvoted the 3 rd Estate Members created their own assembly The National Assembly 3 days later, members of the 3 rd Estate were locked out of the meeting halls

12. Tennis Court Oath Since they were locked out, the National Assembly met at an indoor tennis court They agreed they wouldn’t leave until they had written a new constitution with better rights…Tennis Court Oath

13. Storming of the Bastille Rumors began Louis XVI would bring in the military to stop the 3 rd Estate The Bastille was a prison in Paris that housed political prisoners Angry peasants attacked the Bastille…the overwhelming size of the mob of peasants shocked the King’s guard’s

14. The Bastille Falls The mob killed the guardsmen The mobs paraded around the streets with the dead heads on pikes A symbolic beginning of the French Revolution July 14 th – Bastille Day (French National Holiday)

15. The Great Fear Begins in France A wave of fear spread throughout France…The Great Fear Mobs protested with pitchforks and other farm tools October 1789, with weapons mobs marched to Versailles demanding the King and Queen visit Paris Why?

16. Declaration of Rights of Man The Nat’l Assembly created their own Dec. of Indep. Called Dec. of Rights of Man 1 st and 2 nd Estate passed it – out of fear

17. The End of a King The King tried to flee to Austria…is captured The King’s family imprisoned The Jacobins gain control Louis XVI found guilty of treason in 1792 Sentenced to Death by guillotine

18. The guillotine

19. Reign of Terror Jacobins led by Max Robespierre Led ‘Committee of Public Safety’ Acts as dictator Kills anyone or any thought of a monarchy (40,000) Even changes decks of playing cards Including Marie Antoinette