1. MUSIC and WORSHIP

2. Relevant Truths/Doctrines WorshipSpiritualityTruth Spiritual Battle Unity Spiritual Maturity SubmissionEmotion

3. Music I. References II. Technical Development A. Musicology B. Beauty C. Physiology of Music III. Biblical Development A. Directive/Descriptive/Principle B. Textual Exposition IV. Sacred Music—Hymnology A. Standards B. History V. FAQs VI. Summary/Conclusion

4. Music Study References

5. Music Study References (cont) Music, 10-part series by Pastor Tom Stegall, Word of Grace Bible Church, 2007. Worship and Music, 18-part series by Pastor Robert Dean, West Houston Bible Church, 2006-2007 Worship & Music, 2-session study by Pastor Dennis Rokser, Duluth Bible Church, 2006. With Hearts and Minds and Voices, Christian Research Journal, Vol. 23/No. 2, 2001, John MacArthur

6. Music I. References II. Technical Development A. Musicology B. Beauty C. Physiology of Music III. Biblical Development A. Directive/Descriptive/Principle B. Textual Exposition IV. Sacred Music—Hymnology A. Standards B. History V. FAQs VI. Summary/Conclusion

7. Arrangement Basic Building Blocks

9. Volume

10. Vocal Parts

12. Music Terminology Mode: There are technically seven (7), and are either major or minor; they are the scales by which music is composed. Though not technically synonymous, we relate more readily to the term major and minor key. Melody: A succession of tones that represent the linear or horizontal aspect of a song. The fundamental arrangement of notes of a song. Harmony: The simultaneous sounding of two or more tones in forming a chord, and the technique governing the construction and arrangement of such chords. The melody is typically included in this chord. Rhythm: The organization of sound in time; the arrangement of notes according to their relative duration and relative accentuation. This is an essential element in music in one way or another. Pitch: The highness or lowness of a tone; the general highness or lowness of a song. Tempo: The speed or pace of the music, which may vary within a song. Volume: The loudness of the music, which may also be changed throughout the arrangement. Timbre: Known as tone color, and is particularly used in distinguishing one instrument from another.

13. Meaning of Music Textual Content Poetic Form Associative Meaning Intrinsic Meaning Worship in Song, Scott Aniol, Ch 6.

14. Meaning of Music Textual Content Poetic Form Associative Meaning Intrinsic Meaning Worship in Song, Scott Aniol, Ch 6.

15. Worship in SongScott Aniol “Though the basic content of a song communicates propositional truth, meaning can never be separated from form. In other words, propositional truth is not the only truth that is communicated in song with lyrics. The form in which that propositional truth is packaged communicates as well... “The point is this: some poetic forms simply cannot treat serious subjects seriously, while other forms are more capable of supporting serious subjects... “This is important because when we evaluate what music means and whether its meaning is compatible with biblical Christianity, we must not evaluate only the propositional content of the text, but we must also evaluate the form to determine if the emotional content is appropriate.” pp. 82-83, 86

16. Meaning of Music Textual Content Poetic Form Associative Meaning Intrinsic Meaning Worship in Song, Scott Aniol, Ch 6.

17. Meaning of Music Textual Content Poetic Form Associative Meaning Intrinsic Meaning Worship in Song, Scott Aniol, Ch 6.

18. Meaning of Music Textual Content Poetic Form Associative Meaning Intrinsic Meaning Worship in Song, Scott Aniol, Ch 6.

19. Serious Emotional ExpressionSad Emotional Expression Mode: MajorMode: Minor Tempo: SlowTempo: Slow Pitch: LowPitch: Low Rhythm: FirmRhythm: Firm Harmony: ConsonantHarmony: Dissonant Volume: MediumVolume: Soft Serene Emotional ExpressionHappy Emotional Expression Mode: MajorMode: Major Tempo: SlowTempo: Fast Pitch: MediumPitch: High Rhythm: FlowingRhythm: Flowing Harmony: ConsonantHarmony: Consonant Volume: SoftVolume: Medium Majestic Emotional ExpressionFrightening Emotional Expression Mode: MajorMode: Minor Tempo: MediumTempo: Slow Pitch: MediumPitch: Low Rhythm: FirmRhythm: Uneven Harmony: DissonantHarmony: Dissonant Volume: LoudVolume: Varied

20. Worship in SongScott Aniol “If believers are concerned to pursue holiness, and if they are willing to take important biblical principles and apply them to every area of their lives (including the music they enjoy), they must be willing to evaluate meaning in music to determine whether that meaning fits with God's desires.” pg. 96