1. ECE-498 Matt Statton Advisor: Professor Hanson

2.  Goals of athletic training ◦ Muscle hypertrophy through stimulation  Muscle fatigue during a specified repetition range  Maximum motor unit recruitment inducing muscle hypertrophy  Benefits of effective training ◦ Increased results ◦ Injury prevention  Many people do not know how to properly fatigue their muscles ◦ Personal trainers

3.  How it works ◦ Raises awareness of unconscious physiological activities ◦ Control ◦ Adjustment  Uses ◦ Anxiety and stress ◦ Hypertension ◦ ADHD

4.  Electrical signals produced by muscles can be used as an indicator of muscle fatigue  Giving users the ability to recognize their level of muscle fatigue will lead to improved athletic training ◦ Maximizing muscle fatigue ◦ Decreasing injury

5.  Measure electrical signals from muscles  Analyze signal to determine level of muscle fatigue  Determine threshold at which muscle fatigue occurs  Provide feedback response to user

6.  Measure electrical signals from muscles ◦ Electromyography  Intramuscular vs. surface electromyography  Cost effectiveness  Measurement accuracy

7. Figure 1: Electromyogram from http://www.dataq.com/images/article_images/emg1.jpg

8.  Measure electrical signals from muscles ◦ Electromyography  Analyze signal to determine level of muscle fatigue ◦ Analog-to-digital conversion ◦ Measure absolute and relative maximum amplitudes of signal  Determine threshold at which muscle fatigue occurs  Provide feedback response to user

9.  Important components ◦ MAX666CPA Voltage Regulator ◦ LT1494 operational amplifier, A = 1 cc /2  Provides virtual ground at V cc /2 ◦ INA106 differential amplifier, A = 10  High common-mode rejection ratio  Figure 2: Electromyograph circuit based on circuit diagram from http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/ee476/Final Projects/s2005/bsm24_ajg47/website/website/inde x.htm

10.  LPKF ProtoMat C20S Circuit Board Plotter Figure 3: LPKF Circuit Board Plotter from http://www.lpkf.com/_images/757-lpkf- protomat-h100.jpg

11. Figure 4: EagleCAD schematic of electromyograph circuit Figure 5: EagleCAD board file created from schematic

12. Figure 6: CircuitCam circuit board diagramFigure 7: BoardMaster circuit board diagram

13. Figure 8: Front of printed circuit boardFigure 9: Back of printed circuit board

14.  Analyze signal to determine level of muscle fatigue  Determine threshold at which muscle fatigue occurs  Provide feedback response to user

15.  Silicon Labs C8051F020 microcontroller ◦ On-board analog-to-digital converter  ADC0 = 12-bit  ADC1 = 8-bit ◦ Programmable in C

16. Figure 10: Flow chart of electromyograph signal analysis program

17. Figure 11: Contraction and relaxation of muscles of the upper arm from http://www.zoodu.com/uploads/images/2006-08- 10/vlt9QAl2A5.jpg

18. Figure 12: Electromyogram of relaxed biceps muscle (Range = 30 mV) Figure 13: Electromyogram of fully contracted and relaxed biceps muscle (Range = 250 mV )

19. Figure 14: Electromyogram of slightly contracted and relaxed biceps muscle (Range = 130 mV) Figure 15: Electromyogram of fully contracted, slightly contracted, and relaxed biceps muscle

20.  Signal processing  More sophisticated user interface ◦ LCD screen ◦ Buttons ◦ Threshold calibration ◦ Low battery indicator  Electrode leadwire connectors ◦ FDA regulations

21.  The 8051 microcontroller is not yet accurately measuring absolute and relative maximum amplitudes of the signal  Electrical signals were successfully measured using surface electromyography  Continuing work will be done to successfully analyze the signal and provide users a feedback response based on muscle fatigue

22.  Professor Hanson  Professor Hedrick  Ben Bunes

23. Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. 4 June 2008. Gariety, Arthur and Madoff, Benjamin. ECE 476 Final Project: Wireless Electromyograph. 13 November 2008. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Electromyography. 4 June 2008. http://www.dataq.com/images/article_images/emg1.jpg http://www.lpkf.com/_images/757-lpkf-protomat-h100.jpg http://www.winning.co.za/images/exImage6.jpg http://www.zoodu.com/uploads/images/2006-08-10/vlt9QAl2A5.jpg