1. Eng. Lalith Liyanage Project Manager DEMP/NODES Sri Lanka

2. 1.INTRODUCTION 2.STAKEHOLDER EXPECTATIONS 3.TECHNOLOGIES SELECTED 4.MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ICT SYSTEMS 5.NODES MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

3. Population base of 20 million 250,000 sit for university entrance exams annually 125,000 obtain minimum qualifications 20,000 get into 17 conventional universities Thus, only 14% of those who qualify are admitted. 86% of qualified students left out every year!

4. Development of the university system in SL (2001-2006) UGC 2001 A/L 2002 A/L 2003 A/L 2004 A/L 2005 A/L 2006 A/L 2007 A/L Actual Increase Fore- cast next 10 Years Number qualified98432922529335310835711743511986912125922827155441 Number and percentage selected for university admissions 12813131961426014850162921659817196438323250 13.02%14.3%15.28%13.7%13.9%13.85%14.2%14.96% Number and percentage not selected for university admission in Sri Lanka 8561979056790939350710114310327110406318444132191 86.9%85.6%84.7%86.2%86.12%86.15%85.82%0.9%83.7%

5. Funder: Loan from Asian Development Bank Project Cost:US$60 million Dates: November 05, 2003 - December 31, 2009 To expand post-secondary education enrolment by developing a modern, high-quality, human-resource base using distance education and the latest technologies

6. NODES ICT Infrastructure High availability even if disasters occur Reliability/ redundancy Backup facilities Help desk / hot line facilities Network management and monitoring Security

7. NODES Enterprise Model Partner Institutions NOC Students NODES Access Centres CDU DNAC NODES Enterprise Model

8. Considerations Network latency - duration of online interactiveness Strict adherence to assignment deadlines Online real-time evaluations including online exams Main servers accessible 24/7 Scalability System responses must be within human tolerable limits Accessibility requirements: anywhere, anytime

9. Considerations Connectivity across country through NODES Access Centres (NACs) High bandwidth for video conferencing Archiving of online activities, e.g., online forums And, all the above at an affordable recurrent cost

10. Our Design Deploy a mix of proven open source software, e.g., Moodle, FreeBSD and Linux, Apache Web Server, Postfix SMTP server, PostgreSQL Database, Nagios Network Monitoring software, Multi-Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG) Use some commercial software, e.g., Windows Active Directory Server for authentication and access control, Orion NPM Purchase hardware including network equipment and servers Employ redundant configuration for increased resilience Establish DR Site for redundancy and the backup of all services

11. Sri Lanka Telecom promises that it will provide NODES with 99.9% backbone availability (<44min/month) Last mile to Colombo NACs 99.5% (<3.65 h/month) Last mile to outstation NACs 99% (<438min/month = 7.3 h/month) NODES service level agreements with partner institutes promise 99% availability (<87.6 h/year or <7.3 h/month)

12. Multi-Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG) to monitor network traffic on VPN and Internet links

14. Open Source Nagios Network Monitoring Tool detects availability of services on all ICT systems within the NODES VPN

15. Nagios continued

16. Nagios – Separate services on each of the servers

17. Orion Network Monitoring Tool visualizes complete network with real-time indication of any failures

18. Orion continued

22. The above tools keep Network Operating Centre (NOC) engineers informed of network conditions and potential failures. If engineers are absent from a site, they are notified regarding network conditions via GSM modem gateway. NODES management personnel must be aware of potential network failures and take corrective action before clients experience poor or interrupted service.

23. NODES is a service/organization created by DEMP. 50 online degree / diploma programs are currently running. The NODES Network Operation Center (NOC) capacity is 155 Mbps IP/VPN with a 55 Mbps Internet bandwidth. 27 NODES Access Centres (NACs) have an operating capacity of 10 Mbps IP/VPN when connected to NOC. Moodle is the learning management system (LMS) employed.

24. 24

25. AMPARAANURADHAPURA MATARA KURUNEGALA MONARAGALA 25

26. SIS – Student activity management PNMS – Partner institutions and NACs management LMS – Moodle LMS integration FIS – Financial functions management DMS – Document management SysAMS – System administration management CRM – Customer relationship management HRM – Human resources management

30. A paradigm shift in education occurred – from face- to-face to online learning. A high-end NODES ICT infrastructure was established to meet current and future needs of education. NODES stakeholder expectations are higher than in face-to-face settings. Network capacity, scalability, and reliability are vital. Maintaining the system is mission critical. Proactive actions have been taken to avoid every possible network failure.

31. All of the above mentioned efforts were meant to build the confidence of all stakeholders as without them, the system will not be sustainable.

33. Co-contributors: Ajith Pasqual (Sri Lanka) Clayton R. Wright (Canada)