1. A Brief History of Drugs and Drug Laws FRSC 8104 Criminalistics II Professor Bensley

2. “Why Great- Grandma was Always so Happy!”

3. What is a Drug? Substance that, when ingested, is capable of producing a physiological change Medicines – combinations of drugs and inert ingredients

4. The Legal Drug Industry 2013 – Worldwide pharmaceutical revenue was $980 BILLION (2001 = $172 Billion) U.S. accounts for approx.40% of world’s pharmaceutical industry revenue Top selling legal drugs worldwide? 1. Abilify - $1.6 billion 2. Nexium - $1.6 billion 3. Humira - $1.5 billion

5. The Illicit Drug Industry Almost impossible to determine “Guesstimations” - $50 to $350 BILLION – Cocaine: ~$100 Billion (mostly North America – 62%) – Heroin: ~$100 Billion (Europe is #1 in sales – 56%) – Cannabis: ~$75 Billion (North America dominated – 55%) Source: http://www.unodc.org/pdf/technical_series_1998-01-01_1.pdfhttp://www.unodc.org/pdf/technical_series_1998-01-01_1.pdf 2014 Trends - http://www.unodc.org/wdr2014/http://www.unodc.org/wdr2014/

6. Lies, Damn Lies, and Statistics Past Month Illicit Drug Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older: 2012 Source: http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/nationwide-trends

7. Past Month Use of Selected Illicit Drugs among Persons Aged 12 or Older: 2002-2012 Source: http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/nationwide-trends

8. Going Way Back…

9. The 19 th Century

11. Morphine StructureHeroin Structure

12. Have a Coke and a Smile!

13. Patent Medicines

16. All laws regulating drugs have been enacted due to either racism or social class prejudices.

17. Opium Control and Chinese Immigrants

18. Surprise…

19. Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)

21. Harrison Tax Act (1914)

22. Early 20 th Century

23. Marih(j)uana Tax Act (1937)

25. The “High” Sixties

26. Controlled Substances Act (1970)

27. The 1980s

28. Recent History

29. As of 4/2014