1. ICT – 8th grade ASPAEN – Gimnasio Los Cerezos Angela I. Arango Echeverry Hardware: Input devices

2. Hardware It is any part of the computer that you can physically touch, pick up, hold, move around the room, etc. Examples of hardware include the monitor, mouse, hard disk, motherboard, etc. It is divided in: Input and Output devices. An input device is a piece of hardware that is used to enter data into a computer.

3. Manual Input Devices Manual input devices require that you physcally operate them in some way in order to input data. These are the examples of Manual Input devices: Keyboard Mouse Touchpad Joystick Concept keyboard Touch screen Scanner Digital camera Graphics tablet Microphone

4. Manual Input Devices Keyboard It is made up of buttons called 'keys'. The keys are arranged into sections: Alphabet keys Function or F keys (F1, F2, F3) Numeric keys (one set above the alphabet keys and a numeric keypad on the right) Arrow keys Command keys (insert, delete, home, end, page up/down) Most keyboards are called 'QWERTY' keyboards. This name comes from the first six letters on the top row of the alphabet keys.

5. Manual Input Devices Mouse Its is also called a 'pointing device‘. A mouse usually has two buttons, a right and left one and also a central wheel which allows you to scroll up and down the page (some mice have three or four buttons). Left clicking usually lets you put your cursor at a certain point on the page or lets you choose a menu item. Right clicking brings you up a list of relevant menu items from which you can select a task.

6. Manual Input Devices Touchpad It is usually found on a laptop computer. Because a laptop is meant to be portable, people aren't always able to attach a traditional mouse, it might be too much hassle or there might not be enough room to use one. A touchpad can be used in place of a mouse.

7. Manual Input Devices Touch screen It is the only device which works as both an input and an output device. You view the options available to you on the screen (output) and you then use your finger to touch the option that you have chosen (input). Touch screens are easy to use and are often found in public places such as cashpoints at banks, ticket collection terminals at theatres or airports, information centres at museums.

8. Manual Input Devices Scanners They can be used to convert images or text on paper into a digital format that can be used by the computer. There are two types of scanner: Flatbed scanners Handheld scanners

9. Manual Input Devices Microphone A microphone can be used to input sound. The sound is detected by the microphone and an electrical signal is transmitted to the computer. In the last few years a number of voice recognition systems have been developed. These packages let the user dictate the text into a computer and then convert the speech to text.

10. Automatic Input devices A type of control device that is set to automatically control each step in a process. There are different types of automatic input devices: Magnetic Ink Recognition (M.I.R.) Optical Mark Reader (O.M.R.) Optical Character Recognition (O.C.R.) Barcode readers Magnetic stripe readers

11. Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) It is a lot faster than typing data manually into a computer. 300 cheques can be processed every minute with 100% accuracy using MICR, which makes banks faster and more efficient. The ink used in MICR contains magnetised iron particles, shich prevents people changing bank details and forgery MICR is generally only used in banks.

12. Optical Mark Reader (OMR) The OMR forms are scanned with a special machine which detects the dark pen or pencil by reflecting light onto it. The pen or éncil reflects less light than the paper so the marks are detected. OMR is a very fast way of processing lots of data into a computer. The OMR can misread data if the blocks are not filled in correctly, but that rarely happens.

13. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) It is used with a scanner to edit pieces of text that are either printed or written out. The scanner scans the text as a picture and the OCR software changes the format of the picture so that it can be edited as text using a word processing software. OCR is used in sorting offices to automatically recognise postcodes.

14. Barcode reader Barcode readers work by shining a visible red light onto the barcode. The barcode reflects the light back into the barcode reader, which detects the reflected light. It can distinguish between different barcodes because of the different amounts of light reflected back by the black and white lines.

15. Magnetic Strip reader It can hold up to 60 characters, such as name and account details. These characters are stored magnetically, so can be deleted accidentally by a strong magnetic current. The data is read by swiping it through a reader, which sends the data digitally to a computer which shows the data stores on the strip.