1. Let’s go shopping!
Unit 4

2. There + is AFFIRMATIVE:
There + is + a/an + singular countable noun+ comp.
Example:
There is a cat in the room.
There is an apple in the bowl.
NEGATIVE:
There + is + not + a/an + SCN+ comp.
isn’t
There isn’t a cat in the room.
There isn’t an apple in the bowl.  

3. There are students in the class. There are a few books on the table.
AFFIRMATIVE :
Ø /a few
Many / Some
lots of
No (2 ,3,4…)
There + are PN+ comp.
There are students in the class.
There are a few books on the table.
There are many brushes in the bathroom.
There are a lot of buses.
There are some toys in the box.
There are six dictionaries on the shelf.

4. NEGATIVE : There + are + not + any + PN+ comp. aren’t
There aren’t any students in the class.
There aren’t any books on the table.
There aren’t any brushes in the bathroom.

5. Yes, / No, Question: ( There is … ) Is + there + a / an + SCN + comp
Is there a cat in the room?
Is there an apple in the bowl?
Yes , there is .
No, there isn’t.
( is not )
Yes, / No, Question : ( There are … )
Are + there + any + PN + comp
Are there any students in the class?
Are there any books on the table?
Yes , there are.
No, there aren’t .
(are not)

6. We use a little with uncountable nouns :
1 – Can you give me a little of milk.
2 – She eats a little.
We use a lot & lots of with both countable and uncountable nouns :
1 – There’s a lot of rice.
2 – I’ve got lots of invitations this weekend.
A lot & lots of can be used in question and negatives:
1 – Are there lots of children in the playground?
2 – There isn’t a lot of coffee.

7. SOME
We use "some" in positive sentences.
Example:
I have some friends in London.
We use "some" in questions when offering or requesting something.
Example:
Would you like some bread? (offer)
Could I have some water? (request)
ANY
We use "any" in negative sentences or questions.
Examples:
He doesn't have any friends in Chicago.
Do you have any cheese?

8. Some + words
We use "some" words - somebody, someone, somewhere and something – in positive sentences.
Example:
He lives somewhere near here.
Any + words
We use "any" words - anybody, anyone, anywhere and anything –
in negative sentences or questions.
Example:
She doesn't have anywhere to go.
Do you know anything about that girl?

9. A An Indefinite Articles (c) A grasshopper is an insect. same meaning
a and an are articles

10. NOUN + IS + Articles + NOUN: SINGULAR
a chair
a woman
a school
a lion
a bed
a man
A in front of
consonants
an elevator
an avocado
an egg
an umbrella
an oven
an ice cream
An in front of vowels

11. We use “a” or “an” in three ways :
1 – With professions :
a) I’m a doctor.
b) She’s an engineer.
2 – With some expressions of quantity:
a) He has a few books to read.
b) There is a little of milk in the fridge.
3 – In exclamations with What + a count noun :
a) What a lovely day!
b) What a beautiful party!

12. Definite Article “ the “
1 – We use the with singular and plural, and when we know that the listener knows or can work out what particular person/thing you are talking about.
a) The apple you ate was rotten b) Did you lock the car?
c) She's got two children; a girl and a boy. The girl's eight and the boy's fourteen.”

13. 2 - We also use the before certain nouns, such as seas, rivers, hotels, musems etc… a) I visited the musem in the weekend. 3 – When we know there is only one of something, such as the rain, the sun, the wind, the world, the earth, the White House etc... a) The sun rises at 7 am. 4 – With superlative and adjectives : a ) Reem is the tallest one in the class.

14. No Article There is no article :-
1 – before plural and uncountable nouns when talking about things in general.
a) He loves bananas.
b) Drinking water is good for you .
2 – before countries, towns, streets, languages, magazines, meals, airport,
stations, mountains.
a) I had dinner with my family.
b) There is a big shopping center in king Abdullah street.

15. 3 – before some places and forms of transport.
at home - in/to bed - at/to work -
at/to school / university
by bus - by plane - by car - by train - on foot
I go to school by bus.
4 – In exclamations with What + an uncountable noun.
a) What beautiful weather!