1. Culture Diffusion Japanese Architecture and City Designs Influenced by many other places By: Sophie, Steven, Daniel, and Michelle

2. Japanese Pagodas Originated in India as a Stupa Usually many roofs high Only odd number of roofs to symbolize Yang which would get rid of evil spirits Had long overhanging roofs Original purpose was to house relics and sacred writings

3. Spread of Pagodas Started off as stupas in India(dome shaped) Spread to Nepal(bell shaped) Spread to China(lost round shaped, became many stories high, had small overhanging roofs) Spread to Japan (overhanging roofs increased in size)

4. Stupas Originated in India Half sphere shaped(3 rd -1 st cent.BC) Bell shaped(2 nd cent.AD) Evolved into pagodas as it spread to different countries Built in temples Usually smaller ones surrounded bigger ones The smaller ones also had and held their own versions of Buddha

5. Nara Designs Same design as Chang’an, China 2.7 miles to west, 3.1 miles north to south Grid-like pattern Heijo Palace, located at center of city, housed emperor and had the government offices Most temples were Buddhist

6. Hidden Roofs Invented in Japan due to climate change adaptations (10 th century) Extremely slanted roof and horizontal eaves(to block out rain) Called hidden roofs because second roof is only visible from under the eaves Widely used in Japanese Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines

7. Japanese Houses Designs were brought over to Japan from foreign countries (ex: diagonal braces) Frame of house is made of wood Weight is supported by vertical columns Today we still use wooden frames Many roofs were covered In shingles or straw Long and deep eaves to protect front porch from rain and sun rays

8. Japanese Temples Originated in China and other Asian cultures The Japanese temples were usually made out of wood. The temples were either based on Buddhism or Shintoism. It has a large curved roof. In the inside of the temple there were a lot of empty space.

9. Japanese Gardens The Japanese garden was influence by the Chinese garden, but they were based on the Japanese culture & materials. Each Japanese garden had it’s own stone pagoda. First appeared on the island Honshu.

10. CREDITSCREDITS ~Pagoda slides: Michelle ~Stupas and Nara Designs slides: Daniel ~Japanese Temple and garden slides: Sophie ~ Hidden Roofs and Japanese Houses slides: Steven ~ Japanese Garden Photos: Benjo