1. Bay Gardens Hotel Rodney Bay, St. Lucia (November 17-21, 2008) Smart toolkit training workshop

2. Video for development Thursday Day 4 Smart toolkit workshop 2

3. Why video?

4. Video for development Video is an excellent medium for disseminating information and many organizations have made it a central part of their communication strategy. The widespread use of video is due not only to its ability to reach a large audience (in particular by television broadcasting) and its distinct impact (we remember what we see and hear better than words alone); Its large-scale use is undoubtedly due to the fact that production has become technically and financially more accessible. The recent developments in Internet broadcasting, such as YouTube and BlipTV, are also evidence of a trend towards mass public broadcasting previously restricted. See also: http://video.cta.int/http://video.cta.int/

5. Potential use of video in development Source: http://talksharelearn.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/writeshop-on- video-for-development/

6. What is Participatory Video

7. The best way is to watch PV in action! http://www.insightshare.org/video_insightintro_07. html http://www.insightshare.org/video_insightintro_07. html

8. What is PV (adapted) Participatory Video (PV) is a set of techniques to involve a group / community / organisation / multi- stakeholder platform in shaping and creating their own film. This process can be very empowering, enabling a group / community / organisation / multi- stakeholder platform:  To take action to solve their own problems and also  to communicate their needs and ideas to decision-makers and/or other stakeholders.

9. Benefits of PV PV can become a powerful means of documenting local people's experiences, needs and hopes from their own perspectives. It initiates a process of analysis and change that celebrates local knowledge and practice, whilst stimulating creativity both within and beyond the community. When done well, PV presents the "inside view" in a lively way that is accessible to people at all levels.

10. Benefits of PV

11. All community members have equal access to the process. All voices are expressed and heard. The video medium is transportable, easily replicated and easily shared; it thus has a wide "spread effect". PV gives a voice and a face to those who are normally not heard or seen, even in participatory programmes that focus on identifying local innovations and enhancing endogenous development

12. How does PV work?

13. How does PV work? (adapted) Quick learning through the use of games and exercises. Facilitators guide the process, using e.g. PLA methodologies and tools. Short videos and messages are directed and filmed by the participants. Footage is shown to the wider ‘community’ / stakeholder group at daily screenings. A dynamic process of participant-led learning, sharing and exchange is set in motion.

14. Potential use of PV

15. PV is a tool with great potential to stimulate (local) innovation processes. PV can stimulate organisational learning PV can stimulate dialogue and social learning within and between stakeholder groups. PV can be used for monitoring and evaluation, e.g. in combination with the Most Significant Change (MSC) Technique.

16. Potential use of PV Horizontal communication (e.g. with other community groups) and vertical communication (e.g. with policy makers). Feedback loops! Promoting awareness, fund raising etc.

17. More info on PV

18. More information about PV http://insightshare.org http://insightshare.org/PV_nutshell.html http://www.insightshare.org/video_insightintro_07. html http://www.insightshare.org/video_insightintro_07. html http://www.insightshare.org/pdfs/PLA%20PV%20A RTICLE%2007.pdf http://www.insightshare.org/pdfs/PLA%20PV%20A RTICLE%2007.pdf

19. Video making – tips

20. Production phases Pre-production Production Post-production

21. Pre-production phase - preparations Concept development, idea of story:  Plan movie  What? Why? Where? How? Who? When? – in bigger productions  E.g. for short interviews – what do you want to show, what questions to ask  Develop a storyboard – what shots do you need?  For web: short movies, up to 3 minutes

22. Pre-production phase - preparations Types of Shots:  Close-ups (powerful) – most used for web-viewing  Medium shots  Wide shots (lots of information) – not useful for web-viewing  Cut-away shots – a shot of something other than the current action (filling)

23. Type of shots - examples Close-up Medium shot Most used for web viewing (powerful) Wide shotCut away shots Not useful for web viewing (lots of information)a shot of something other than the current action (filling)

24. Production phase –actual shooting Tips for filming:  Avoid camera movement (use tri-pod where possible)  Avoid panning (=moving with a moving object)  Avoid zooming (Better to move in than zoom)  180 degree rule  Avoid backlight  Shoot 10 – 15 seconds per shot to allow for editing  Let the tape run 20 seconds at the beginning of the tape and a bit at the end as well (with video camera)

25. Production Phase –actual shooting Sound:  make sure surrounding sounds are kept to a minimum, the camera will pick up all surrounding sounds Clean time code (video camera only)  Unique 8-digit numerical sequence hours:minutes:seconds:frames  Keep a clean timecode!!!

26. Post-production Phase Compiling and finishing movie Editing  Windows Movie Maker Sound Titles Voices Exporting for release on web (blip.tv)

27. Practice – make your own video

28. Exercise – learn to shoot and edit a film Shoot a few minutes film Try out editing (with help of facilitators)

29. Exercise for the group work on methodologies – story board & film Decide on a topic – keep it simple! E.g. food at the hotel, the workshop etc. Make a story board to ‘describe’ the story you want to tell in a 3-minute film Shoot the film Edit the film

30. Shooting and editing Have fun!