1. TODAY’S GOALS Share and begin to analyze your primary research results Consider the most effective and appropriate voice and style for discussing research in informative writing Review the four factors of style and practice stylistic revision

2. JOURNAL ENTRY 25 Focus: Research Experiences & Results At this point in the development of your informative article, you should be completely (or very nearly) done with all of your primary research. Take a few minutes to reflect on that experience, considering the following issues: Was conducting primary research easy or difficult to you? How does it compare to your experiences with secondary research? Did you encounter any unexpected difficulties while conducting the research? (finding participants, drafting questions, interpreting observations, etc.) Did your research results align with your expectations (and possibly your thesis)? If you were to perform this research again, what might you do differently? Aside from gaining field research experience, what did you learn from conducting your own research?

3. GROUP ACTIVITY – RESEARCH RESULTS In your unit 3 groups Share the results of your completed research and answer the questions below for each student 1.How do your results align with your original hypothesis? Do they seem to support or disprove it? 2.Based on these results and your original expectations, create a thesis or main idea from your research that you can use to guide your informative article. 3.What particular question/answer/observation seems to be the strongest in support of your thesis or hypothesis? Why?

4. TALKING ABOUT RESEARCH- OBJECTIVITY & ETHOS Different publication types and individual publications will have different strategies for discussing research Some writers will want to closely associate themselves with the research conducted, which can show their own personal involvement to establish ethos Other writers will need to distance their personal involvement in the research, highlighting the experiment or study itself Four main strategies: 1 st person singular, 1 st person plural, 3 rd person, passivized

5. TALKING ABOUT RESEARCH Newspaper/Magazine Scholarly Article/Research Report Uses combination of 1 st and 3 rd person for different purposes When discussing interviews, 1 st person is usually the preferred Will often use first person plural to discuss the use of surveys and observations, drawing ethos from their institution Uses 3 rd person and passivized sentences to emphasize objectivity

6. TALKING ABOUT RESEARCH 1 st Person Singular Links writer most closely with research Useful for interviews and in less formal newspapers and magazines Avoid with surveys or in scholarly articles and research reports Ex: “I interviewed several townsfolk on the matter....” 1 st Person Plural Closely links writer to research (but not as close as 1 st person singular) Similar patterns to 1 st person singular Increased ethos by associating the writer with his/her institution or company Ex: “We at the Herald interviewed several politicians....”

7. TALKING ABOUT RESEARCH 3 rd Person Creates distance from writer/researcher to show objectivity Heavily used in the hard sciences, with surveys, or in scholarly articles and research reports Less common in newspapers, magazines, or less formal writing styles Will often use “this study” or “this experiment” as a subject Ex: “This experiment will attempt to prove....” Passivized Greatest distance from writer/research but not as commonly used as 3 rd person One of the most used styles for research reports Uses English passivization structure with inverted subject and object Ex: “An increase in violent behavior was observed....” (as opposed to “I observed an increase in violent behavior)

8. GROUP ACTIVITY – WRITING ABOUT RESEARCH In your unit 3 groups Answer the questions below for each student 1.Which strategy for talking about research is most commonly used by your group’s publication type? Why do you think that strategy would be used? 2.Based on your research method, publication type, and experiences reading that publication, which of the 4 strategies we discussed will be best suited for each student?

9. STYLE - REVIEW Consider style as a tool for explaining genre Style factors: Sentence structure: long or short? Varied or monotonous? Types of words: pedantic or colloquial? Abstract or concrete? Voice or Persona: 1 st or 3 rd person? Expert or layperson? Tone: Formal or informal? Humorous or serious? Review on pg. 68 if necessary Secondary Style factor: Research discussion Different publications will have different styles for discussing research and may vary in their use of 1 st vs 3 rd person, passivization, and linguistic distance from the performed methods

10. GROUP ACTIVITY: STYLISTIC REVISIONS In your new unit 3 groups Read through the passages “Four Powerful Strategies...” On pg. 69-71 and “Use a Voice Matched to Your...” starting on page 74 of the A&B textbook Do the activity “Revising Passages to Create a More Effective Style”

11. HOMEWORK Informative Article First Draft Due Friday 7/10 500+ words Should include primary research results and 2+ secondary sources Focus on visual rhetoric, document design, and introduction