1. Water on the Earth Notes
Earth Science
Grade 8

2. The Earth is the only planet in the solar system to be covered in water.
Water covers about 75% of the Earth’s surface.
Any place on the Earth that contains water is called the hydrosphere.

3. Of the water on the Earth, 97% is salt water and 3% is fresh.
Almost 67% of all the fresh water is locked up in glaciers near the North and South Poles.
That leaves just 1% of all the water on the planet available for plants and animals to live on.

4. Water Percentages 3%
33% of 3% = only 1% for all plants and animals to use
97%
33% available to use
67% locked in glaciers

5. Water constantly moves through the atmosphere by the water cycle.
Water that does not soak into the ground or evaporate into the atmosphere is called runoff.
RUNOFF=RIVERS

6. Water Cycle Animation

7. Four factors affecting absorption of rain
Amount of rainfall
Heavy downpour =
A lot of runoff
Light, misty rain=
Little run off

8. Four factors affecting absorption of rain
Time span of the rain
2 inches of rain in 1 hour = a lot of runoff
2 inches of rain in 1 week = little runoff

9. ***Four factors affecting absorption of rain
Slope of the land
Steeper the land, the more run off
Flatter the land, less runoff

10. ****Four factors affecting absorption of rain
Amount of vegetation
Lots of vegetation = less run off
No vegetation= more off

11. Velocity of the Rivers Fastest at 1) very center of the river
2)outside of the meander 2 1

12. Erosion/Deposition of a River
Erosion occurs on the outside of the river meander
Deposition occurs on the inside of the river meander

13. Bed load and Suspended load
Bed load: material that rolls along the bottom of the river
Suspended load: material that floats suspended in the water

14. Development of an Oxbow lake1.
Oxbow lake: cutoff meander 2. 3. 4.