1. WITH RICK ELDER UNIT 4 10/28/2015 1 SS360 American Women

2. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 2 Greetings and Welcome to our seminar for Unit 4. I have been reading some good Discussion Board Questions for this week so far, and the Week 2 projects that I read overall were very good. Just remember to use two (2) sources on all Unit projects. Now before we start this week I have my local scenery slide of the week.

3. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 3 Source: Happy Camper Photography, Brimley, MI Other than the Niagara Falls this is the highest waterfall east of the Mississippi River.

4. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 4 In the span of years from approximately 1820 until the beginning of the Civil War in 1861, the lives of women were transformed by many external forces just as those same forces changed the face of a growing nation. Industrialization brought more men and women into the paid work force, thereby altering family relationships. Source: KU class web site SS360.

5. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 5 Expansion into western territories provided new experiences for many women, while the continued expansion of slavery dictated a system in the South based on white male patriarchy. Throughout these circumstances, white middle class women strived to maintain societal standards of domesticity and virtue within their own homes and elsewhere through various reform movements. Source: KU class web site SS360.

6. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 6 LEARNING OUTCOMES After completing this unit, you should be able to Analyze the consequences of slavery for women of all races and classes Assess the impact of women’s reform societies on female participants and their subjects Examine the role of industrialization in changing women’s relationships and opportunities Source: KU class web site SS360

7. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 7 Read Chapter 4, Pedestal, Loom, and Auction Block, 1800-1860, in Through Women’s Eyes. And consider the following: True Womanhood refers to the ideology prevalent in antebellum America that women were the guardians of virtue within a Republican society. Barbara Welter has identified four elements of this ideology as domesticity, piety, submission and purity. Middle class women were expected to embody these ideals. Source: KU class web site SS360.

8. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 8 What was the relationship between African- American women and white women like in the South? Do you think slavery helped Southern white women conform to ideals of domesticity and True Womanhood? If so, how? Source: KU class web site SS360.

9. SS360 – American Women The transition from a household to capitalist economy had important effects on women. In the colonial and early American periods, women had helped to provide for the family through household production such as keeping chickens, making butter, etc. After the advent of industrialization, work was increasingly separated from the home. How did working in factories change family relationships? What about class differences? Do you think women are defined by their labor? Why or why not? Source: KU class web site SS360.

10. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 10 Slavery permeated all of Southern American culture, even for non-slave owners and free blacks. The existence of slavery had an important impact on Northern society as well. Because slavery was a system based on power and oppression, gender relations and race relations were intertwined. In this week’s seminar, we will discuss the effects of slavery on women of all races and classes. Source: KU class web site SS360.

11. SS360 – American Women How did westward expansion influence slavery? If motherhood and home were held in such high esteem, why did this seemingly not apply to African- American women? What was life like in the South for non-elite white women? Source: KU class web site SS360.

12. SS360 – American Women View the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Women in Trades website, including the slide show found at the bottom of the page. http://www.history.org/Foundation/journal/Spr ing04/women.cfm You will use this information to complete this week's project. http://www.history.org/Foundation/journal/Spr ing04/women.cfm Source: KU class web site SS360.

13. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 13 Project: This week, you will submit a project analyzing an early American trade that women sometimes participated in. After choosing a trade to analyze from the Colonial Williamsburg site, you will then prepare your project in which you must answer the following questions in addition to providing any other information you feel is relevant: Source: KU class web site SS360.

14. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 14 What races or classes of women might be involved in this trade? What do you think her day to day life was like? How might her involvement in this trade have effected her family relationships? What consequences would industrialization have on her ability to work in this trade? How does women’s involvement in this trade support or challenge prevailing gender expectations in this period? Does knowing that women were involved in this trade change your mental picture of women in this period? How? Be sure to use APA citation format wherever necessary. This paper should be written in an essay format and should be approximately 2-3 pages in length. Source: KU class web site SS360.

15. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 15 1. Women worth remembering from this week’s readings, and key concepts from the chapter. 2. Christian Motherhood. 3. Catherine Beecher (book on rearing children 1841) – pg 190. 4. New York City prostitutes. 5. Lillian Martin Spencer (artist) – pg 193. 6. The mill girls of Lowell – pg 197. 7. Winslow Homer – The Morning Bell – pg 201.

16. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 16 8. Irish Immigration and domestic work – pg 202. 9. Women and Slavery. – pg 202. 10. Charlotte Forten Grimke (free black middle class) – pg. 208. 11. Mary Boykin Chesnut (slave mistress and diarist from SC) – pg 212. 12. Harriet Jacobs (slave – sexually harassed) pg 214. 13. Cherokee Women Petition the National Council. 14. True Womanhood (conclusion).

17. SS360 – American Women 10/28/2015 17 I hope you have enjoyed our fourth seminar, and I look forward to reading your Discussion Board responses this week. This is it for this week. Have a good week and we will chat again next Wednesday. Rick Elder, KU