1. WORLD HISTORY CHAPTER 18 SECTION 3- RISE OF FASCIST DICTATORS

2. PROBLEMS: PROBLEMS:  ITALY 1. Italians outraged that the Paris Peace talks had not given them huge portions of territory from Central Powers. 1. Italians outraged that the Paris Peace talks had not given them huge portions of territory from Central Powers. 2. Veterans found no work. 2. Veterans found no work. 3. Workers went on strike & seized factories. 3. Workers went on strike & seized factories. 4. Peasants seized land. 4. Peasants seized land.

3.  GERMANY 1. Weimer Republic disliked by people. 1. Weimer Republic disliked by people. 2. Financial debt due to war reparations. 2. Financial debt due to war reparations. 3. Workers on strike. 3. Workers on strike. 4. Inflation leading to depression. 4. Inflation leading to depression.

4.  RISE OF MUSSOLINI 1. 1919 Fascist party formed by Mussolini. 1. 1919 Fascist party formed by Mussolini. 2. 1920 Mussolini supports workers strikes and peasant revolts. 2. 1920 Mussolini supports workers strikes and peasant revolts. 3. 1922 forms Blackshirts, secret police, who use force to achieve Mussolini's goals. 3. 1922 forms Blackshirts, secret police, who use force to achieve Mussolini's goals. 4. Oct. 1922, Fascist march on Rome. In fear, King names Mussolini Prime Minister of Italy. 4. Oct. 1922, Fascist march on Rome. In fear, King names Mussolini Prime Minister of Italy.

5.  RISE OF MUSSOLINI con’t 5. 1924 using force Mussolini Fascists win majority of seats in Parliament. 5. 1924 using force Mussolini Fascists win majority of seats in Parliament. 6. Mussolini names self Il Duce, The Leader. 6. Mussolini names self Il Duce, The Leader. 7. Reorganizes the government in a "corporate" state. 7. Reorganizes the government in a "corporate" state. 8. Goal is to make Italy a great power again. 8. Goal is to make Italy a great power again.

6.  RISE OF MUSSOLINI con’t 9. Majority of Italians supported him: 9. Majority of Italians supported him: a. prevented a Communist revolution a. prevented a Communist revolution b. brought order to the nation b. brought order to the nation c. solved unemployment c. solved unemployment d. rekindled the feeling of nationalism d. rekindled the feeling of nationalism

7.  RISE OF HITLER 1919 Weimer Republic – government established after WWI. 1919 Weimer Republic – government established after WWI. 1920s Hitler becomes leader of Nazi Party; organizes "Brownshirts". 1920s Hitler becomes leader of Nazi Party; organizes "Brownshirts". 1923 Hitler arrested for attempting to organize revolt against Weimer government. 1923 Hitler arrested for attempting to organize revolt against Weimer government. In prison he writes Mein Kampf. In prison he writes Mein Kampf. Blames Jews and Communists for German defeat in WWI. Blames Jews and Communists for German defeat in WWI. Claims Germans are "The Master Race”. Claims Germans are "The Master Race”. 1929 Depression hits and he promises to end unemployment and build military 1929 Depression hits and he promises to end unemployment and build military

8.  RISE OF HITLER con’t 1930 Nazi Party wins majority seats in legislature. 1930 Nazi Party wins majority seats in legislature. 1933 Hitler names himself Chancellor. 1933 Hitler names himself Chancellor. Goal: Create a Totalitarian State. Goal: Create a Totalitarian State. Consolidates rule: Consolidates rule: bans all parties but Nazi. bans all parties but Nazi. takes control of labor unions & industry. takes control of labor unions & industry. silenced clergy and controlled churches. silenced clergy and controlled churches.

9.  RISE OF HITLER con’t 1934 “Night of Long Knives" - turns on Brownshirts and had hundreds killed. 1934 “Night of Long Knives" - turns on Brownshirts and had hundreds killed. THIRD REICH (name he gives life government) THIRD REICH (name he gives life government) Took title of Fuhrer (The leader) Took title of Fuhrer (The leader) Ignored Treaty of Versailles and mobilized country. Ignored Treaty of Versailles and mobilized country. Used propaganda to indoctrinate people, Used propaganda to indoctrinate people, Hitler Youth - 6-18 year olds molded into Nazis. Hitler Youth - 6-18 year olds molded into Nazis.

11. Hitler Youth

12.  THE HOLOCAUST 1935 Nuremberg Laws- 1935 Nuremberg Laws- Jews lost citizenship and rights. Jews lost citizenship and rights. Lost right to hold public office. Lost right to hold public office. Children barred from school. Children barred from school. Jewish businesses destroyed Jewish businesses destroyed

13.  THE HOLOCAUST con’t  1938 Kristallnacht Jews attacked on streets. Jews attacked on streets. Homes and businesses vandalized. Homes and businesses vandalized. Jews arrested. Jews arrested.

14.  THE HOLOCAUST con’t 1940’s Jews forced to wear yellow Star of David and forced into ghettoes. 1940’s Jews forced to wear yellow Star of David and forced into ghettoes. Warsaw Ghetto in Poland-largest Warsaw Ghetto in Poland-largest 1941 Germans invade Russia and begin mass murder of Jews. 1941 Germans invade Russia and begin mass murder of Jews. 1942 Final Solution 1942 Final Solution Rounded up Jews throughout Europe and transported to death camps. Rounded up Jews throughout Europe and transported to death camps. 1945 Allies liberate death camps. 1945 Allies liberate death camps.