2. Department of Community MedicineDepartment of Community Medicine

3. UHS Exam THEORY:THEORY: SEQs:=70SEQs:=70 MCQ:=65MCQ:=65 Internal Assessment:=15Internal Assessment:=15 Total:150Total:150

4. VIVA/PRACTICAL: OSPE:=10×4=40 MarksOSPE:=10×4=40 Marks Research activity=10Research activity=10 House Hold Servey=05House Hold Servey=05 Field Visits=05Field Visits=05 Press Cutting=05Press Cutting=05 Internal Assessment=15Internal Assessment=15 Internal =35Internal =35 External=35External=35 Total:________Total:________150

5. HEALTH A state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity and ability to lead a socially and economically productive life.

6. PUBLIC HEALTH The Science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting physical and mental health and efficiency through organized community efforts for the sanitation of the environment, control of communicable infections, education of the individuals and the organization of medical and nursing services for the maintenance of health.

7. PREVENTIVE MEDICINE It is a branch of medicine which deals with healthy people. It is the science and art of  Promotion of physical and mental health,  Prevention of diseases,  Disability limitation and  Prolonging life and efficiency.

8. SUCCESSES OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE Bacterial Vaccines and anti seraBacterial Vaccines and anti sera Antiviral vaccinesAntiviral vaccines Synthetic InsecticidesSynthetic Insecticides Nutritional Deficiency DiseasesNutritional Deficiency Diseases ChemoprophylaxisChemoprophylaxis Mass drug treatmentMass drug treatment Screening of Diseases & risk factorsScreening of Diseases & risk factors Prevention of chronic & Degenerative diseases Hereditary Diseases Geriatric Problems Disease Eradication Population explosion Education of people Anticipatory Medicine

9. It is an art and science of application of technical knowledge and skills to the delivery of health care to a given community designed in collaboration with related professions as well as human and social sciences on the one hand and the community on the other. COMMUNITY MEDICINE

10. DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH Health is multifactorial Health is multifactorial In the individual – Genetic make up In the individual – Genetic make up In the environment In the environment Health promoting deleterious effect Health promoting deleterious effect

11. BIOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS Physical & mental traits – genesPhysical & mental traits – genes Genetic make up is uniqueGenetic make up is unique Genetic Diseases – chromosomal abnormalitiesGenetic Diseases – chromosomal abnormalities - Errors of Metabolism - Mental Retardation - Diabetes & CVD. Health: a state which is based upon the absence from genetic constitutional serious defects and presence of normal chromosomal characterization to express potential of his genetic make up.

12. Behavioural and Socio-cultural Conditions  Life style the way people live  Social values, attitudes & activities  Personal habits  Behaviours – promoting health  Adverse effects on health  Association between health & life style  Health problems Developed - CHD - Lack of sanitation - Obesity - Poor nutrition - Lung cancers - Personal hygiene - Addiction - Human habits - Physical activity - Smoking & Addiction

13. Environmental Determinants - Internal - External - Physical - Biological - Biological - Psychosocial - Direct impact on health - favourable - Unfavourable - Unfavourable - Protection & Promotion of family and environmental health

14. Socio-economic Conditions S.E developmentS.E development Per capita Income, GNPPer capita Income, GNP EducationEducation NutritionNutrition Employment/OccupationEmployment/Occupation HousingHousing Political SystemPolitical System

15. Health Services Personal & family servicesPersonal & family services Community servicesCommunity servicesFor - Treatment of diseases - Prevention of diseases - Promotion of health - Improve health status of people - Decrease – Morbidity – Morbidity _ Mortality _ Mortality ServicesServices - Social periphery - Equitable distribution - Accessible to all - Affordable cost - Socially acceptable

16. Aging of the population In world more than one billion in 2020In world more than one billion in 2020 Two third in developing countriesTwo third in developing countries Increase in chronic diseasesIncrease in chronic diseases Increase in disabilitiesIncrease in disabilities

17. Gender Increased conc. Of women’s issueIncreased conc. Of women’s issue Action on women’s health forAction on women’s health for - Nutrition - Reproductive health - Health consequences of violence - Life style & related conditions - Ageing - Occupational environment

19. HEALTH FOR ALL The main social target of govt. and WHO is “attainment by all citizens of the world by the year 2000 a level of health that will permit them to lead socially and economically productive life.The main social target of govt. and WHO is “attainment by all citizens of the world by the year 2000 a level of health that will permit them to lead socially and economically productive life. It was social goal for all Governments

20. Health Indicators  Measure Health status of a Community/country  Comparison of health status between two communities/Countries.  Assessment of health care needs  Allocation of scare resources  Monitoring & Evaluation of health services, activities & programmes.  The extent to which the objectives & targets are being attained.

21. Mortality Indicators Crude death rateCrude death rate Expectation of lifeExpectation of life Infant mortality rateInfant mortality rate Child mortality rateChild mortality rate Under -5 Mortality rateUnder -5 Mortality rate Maternal mortality rateMaternal mortality rate Disease specific mortality rateDisease specific mortality rate Proportional mortality rateProportional mortality rate