1. Health promotion and its national context
Aim: To explain the meaning, process and reasons for health promotion, risk management and health planning

2. World Health Organization (1946)
Health is a state of complete mental and social well-being, not merely absence of disease or infirmity
Holistic approach is wider than a medical model
Focuses on protection of health and prevention of illness in populations
Recognizes social and environmental influences on health

3. US Research suggests
50% of premature mortality due to unhealthy lifestyle and behaviour
20% due to human biology
20% due to physical environment
10% due to inadequate health care
Is this true in your country? Do you think what you think because you’re rich?

4. Australian health
Comparatively good in international terms, except for indigenous people
Strong relationship between socio-economic status and health internationally and within countries
Smoking, alcohol and poor diet major causes of poor health in Australia
Injuries and mental health also major problems

5. National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
Population health should be guided by a focus on prevention, an understanding of the causes and determinants of illness, evidence based practice, and community participation in decisions which affect health (1995)

6. Health Promotion
Focuses on protection of health rather than treatment of individual illness
Greatest contributions to extending life in 20th century came from public management and engineering (sewerage, drainage, rubbish removal etc.) and immunization

7. Risk management(required in OHS acts)
A logical and systematic method of identifying, analyzing, assessing, treating, monitoring and communicating risks associated with any activity in a way that will enable organizations to minimize losses and maximize opportunities

8. Risk management Consultatively establish context Identify risks
Analyze and prioritize risks (severity and frequency)
Control risks
Evaluate outcome
(Consistent with quality management)

9. Health planning Goal setting Plan formulation Plan implementation
Monitoring and feedback

10. Action Research Educative Problem focused and future oriented
Change oriented intervention which aims at improvement,and stakeholder participation

11. WHO Ottawa Charter (1986)
The supports for health include peace, shelter, food, income, a stable economic system, sustainable resources, social justice and equity

12. UN Declaration on Environment (1992)
Committed signatories to ecologically sustainable development goals
First principle is that health is at the centre of human development and people are entitled to a health and productive life in harmony with nature

13. Australian national health goals
Cardiovascular disease
Cancers
Injuries (work, road, suicide)
Mental health
Diabetes
Aboriginal health

14. Principle national goals
Australians should have access to a comprehensive range of services regardless of financial status, race, culture
Services should be of consistently high quality across Australia
Foster community and individual participation in decision making at all levels

15. NSW Government Vision
A philosophy of continuous improvement will be adopted in all areas of govt. responsibility
This is hindered by a lack of comparable, publicly available data about service delivery and outcomes

16. Management goals
Private sector: make profit and provide returns to shareholders
Govt. sector: Regulate (make and administer law) in the community interest and provide essential services
Separate policy and administration
Govt. should ‘steer’ not ‘row’

17. Council of Australian Governments (COAG)
1990 – National standards for health and environment and related occupations
Mutual recognition legislation
The Australian nation principle
The subsidiarity principle
The structural efficiency principle
The accountability principle

18. National Competition Policy (1995)
Competition on a level playing field, unless another course of action can be shown to be in the public interest
Review of all Australian law to implement competition policy (Followed state reviews to update legislation and make requirements plain)

19. Health promotion requires coordinated approach
Tobacco fought with:
Taxation policies
Regulation of tobacco products
Promotion of smoke-free areas
Public education campaigns
Community development and partnership building

20. Prevention program Establish planning group
Assess needs of the population
Identify program goals or targets
Set program objectives
Develop strategies and action plan
Evaluate outcomes (performance indicators)
Need for program budgeting