1. Energy An important natural resource (chapter 27)

2. We already know… Canada’s natural resources (fish, agriculture, mining, forestry) provide products and jobs Canada’s natural resources (fish, agriculture, mining, forestry) provide products and jobs Some of these resources are renewable, some are non-renewable Some of these resources are renewable, some are non-renewable We must be careful how we use our resources today, so that they are still available for use tomorrow We must be careful how we use our resources today, so that they are still available for use tomorrow

3. You may not know… Canada has a number of valuable energy resources Canada has a number of valuable energy resources Canadians are the largest users of energy in the world (per capita) Canadians are the largest users of energy in the world (per capita) 98% of our energy use comes from non- renewable sources (fossil fuels) 98% of our energy use comes from non- renewable sources (fossil fuels) oil 39% natural gas 35% electricity 24% oil 39% natural gas 35% electricity 24%

4. Coal Coal formed from trees and plants that grew in swampy areas 350 MYA Coal formed from trees and plants that grew in swampy areas 350 MYA The plants never decayed; got trapped and compressed by layers of heavy rock The plants never decayed; got trapped and compressed by layers of heavy rock The compressed material formed coal The compressed material formed coal Coal is burned for heat & fuel, and is used to produce metal Coal is burned for heat & fuel, and is used to produce metal

5. Coal mines in Canada

6. Oil & Gas Usually found together Usually found together Formed from marine animals & plants over 300 MYA when Canada was covered with water Formed from marine animals & plants over 300 MYA when Canada was covered with water Compressed by layers of heavy rock, the decaying plants & animals were exposed to bacteria, heat, & pressure Compressed by layers of heavy rock, the decaying plants & animals were exposed to bacteria, heat, & pressure Oil & Gas deposits are trapped in porous rock (rock with small holes/pockets) Oil & Gas deposits are trapped in porous rock (rock with small holes/pockets)

7. Why do the gas & oil rise above the water?

8. Oil & Gas around the globe

9. Electricity Water or steam turns turbines Turbines supply energy to generator Generator produces electricity Electricity travels to where it’s needed, via transmission lines (wires)

10. How does this process start? Hydro electricity – water moves from higher to lower elevation Hydro electricity – water moves from higher to lower elevation Thermo electricity – steam is produced by burning fuel such as coal, oil, natural gas, wood, or garbage Thermo electricity – steam is produced by burning fuel such as coal, oil, natural gas, wood, or garbage Nuclear electricity – steam is produced from the breakdown of radioactive uranium atoms Nuclear electricity – steam is produced from the breakdown of radioactive uranium atoms

11. Let’s Review Canada has valuable energy resources: Coal Coal Oil Oil Natural Gas Natural Gas Electricity Electricity

12. The BIG question… What happens when all of these non-renewable energy sources run out ?