1. Learning Goals Identify various ancient civilizations of India and significant leaders of each. Explain the reasons behind the rise and fall of various empires. List achievements of various Ancient Indian Civilizations.

2. The Maurya Empire _____________ _____________ First ruler of the Maurya Empire Why important? – Began the __________ ___________ – Ruled India for ___ ______________ Dynasty – ruling family.

3. The Maurya Empire

4. Government ________________ – capital Mighty wooden wall __________ guard towers _____ gates Chandragupta never slept in the same bed twice.

5. Chandragupta Enjoyed peace ____________ ___________________ systems Maintained _____________

6. Asoka ______________/______________)_ _____________ of Chandragupta Brought Maurya Empire to the height of its power.

7. Asoka Asoka’s Transformation Beginning of rule: Ruled ________. Waged War. __________ killed under his rule. End of rule: Sickened by ___________, Asoka converted to Buddhism and practiced _____________. The end of his rule was kind and benevolent, with little force.

8. Asoka Worked to improve lives of people. “All men are my children. As on behalf of my own children I desire that they may be provided by me with complete welfare and happiness in this world and in the next, so do I desire for all men as well” ASOKA – spread _______________ and ordered the building of thousands of _____________. Stupa – shrine containing remains of the Buddha.

9. The Fall of the Maurya Empire Asoka’s _________ led to the fall of the Maurya Empire. Invaders moved into the land. Invader’s ideas, customs, culture was _________________ into ___________ culture.

10. The Gupta Empire Chandragupta I ____________ ___________________. – Purposely wanted to link his name with the ancient _______________. Achievements: – Art, literature, math. Indian scholars developed the ________ ____ “___.”

11. The Decline Gupta Empire declines: _____ ____ ___________ ________powers invaded South Asia. Arrival marked the end of the Gupta Empire. A Clash of Beliefs: Muslims vs. Hindus Islam was based on belief in _____God. Hindus worshipped _______ Gods. Islam taught that all Muslims were _______ under God and Hinduism promoted the ______________ _____________.

12. The Mughal Empire The reign of ____________. – Realized that to rule India he must rule BOTH ____________ and _____________. – How? – Religious __________________. – Marries a Hindu (he was Muslim) – _______________ a special tax on Hindus. – Appointed Hindus to jobs in government. – LEGACY: today Hindus honor Akbar as a ________________ ____ ___________________________

13. The Arts ________ and ____________ styled blended. Shah Jahan (Akbar’s grandson) A monument to Mumtaz Muhal (Shah Jahan’s wife)

14. The Decline of the Mughal Empire _______________ Spending Akbar’s successor (new rulers) ended his policy of ______________ – Imposed ____________ ___________on Hinduism. – ______________ Hindu schools. – ________________ Hindus from government. – This led to Civil War and Revolts throughout the country.