1. The Age of Jackson
Chapter 7 Section 3

2. Election of 1824 John Quincy Adams vs. Andrew Jackson (Old Hickory)
Jackson wins popular vote, but neither gets majority in Electoral College
“Corrupt Bargain” - Henry Clay helps sway House of Reps toward Adams and is anointed Secretary of State for his aid to the new President

3. Election of 1828
During Adams Presidency, states loosened voting requirements
Election of 1828 – Jackson wins Presidency in a landslide
Jackson used campaign speeches
Called Adams an “Elitist”
When Jackson goes to White House and ordinary citizens “party” and trash the place

4. Spoils System
Appointees to Gov. jobs serve 4 year terms to prevent “corruption”
Spoils system – “To the victor go the spoils”
Throw out officeholders and replace with friends
Close friends became known as Jackson’s “Kitchen Cabinet”
Came into White House through the kitchen
Real cabinet had no power

5. Indian Removal Act of 1830 White settlers wanted Native lands
Jackson felt assimilation (making Native become Americanized and live with white) could not work
Too many troops needed to keep settlers off Native lands
Solution was to move Natives
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Fed. Gov. funded state negotiated treaties to move N.A.’s

6. Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
Cherokee wins case where Marshall states, “Georgia has no right to regulate Cherokee nor invade their lands”
Jackson states, “John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it.”
Cherokee signed Treaty of New Echota
Gave Cherokee $5 mil and land west of Miss. River

7. The Trail of Tears
1838, 20,000 remaining Cherokee forced west by U.S. Army
800 miles, mostly on foot
Corrupt Gov. officials stole their money
Outlaws stole their livestock
¼ of Cherokee died
“Trail” started in Georgia and ended in Oklahoma
Land far inferior for living

8. States’ Rights and the National Bank
Chapter 7 Section 3

9. A Tariff Raises the States’ Rights Issue
After the War of 1812, Britain floods U.S. market with cheap goods
Tariff of 1816 protects American industry
Tariff is increased in 1824 and 1828
South Carolinian, John C. Calhoun (V.P) called 1828 Tariff the Tariff of Abominations
Calhoun raised the nullification issue
States are sovereign and can declare a federal law null and void or could secede from the nation
Jackson opposed this view

10. South Carolina Rebels
Threatened to secede if the Tariffs were enforced
Jackson persuaded Congress to pass the Force Bill in 1833
Allowed Fed. Gov. to send military into a state if they refused to follow laws passed by Congress
Henry Clay proposes a compromise that reduced the Tariff gradually over 10 yr. per.

11. Jackson Attacks the National Bank
In 1832, Jackson vetoed the re-chartering of the 2nd National Bank
He made the people look at the BUS as corrupt
Stockholders received interest on government funds
Loans to Gov. officials at better rates
Jackson had Secretary of Treasury deposit government money into state banks loyal to him. “Pet Banks”
In 1836, the bank’s charter ran out
It closed in 1841

12. Whig Party Jackson angered members of his own party
Clay, Adams and others created the Whig Party
Backed ideals of the American system

13. Van Buren Deals with Jackson’s Legacy
Democrats chose VP Martin Van Buren to run against 3 Whig opponents
Van Buren ran into problems because of “Pet Banks” causing inflation and refusal by banks to accept paper currency
This caused the Panic of 1837
Developed an independent treasury that used only gold and silver

14. Harrison and Tyler
Election of 1840, Whig nominee William Henry Harrison wins Presidential election
A month after his inauguration, Harrison died
John Tyler succeeded him as President
Tyler was a Southern Whig who went against his own party.
He was called, “His Accidency”