1. By- Nikhil Gosike, Nasir Asif, Sai Palati and Dimi Atanassov

2. Islam was established in Arabia in 629 C.E when Muhammad and his followers captured Mecca. After Muhammad death the Caliph helped spread Islam. The Umayyad dynasty was established in 661 C.E and fell in 750 C.E after a rebellion. After the Umayyad dynasty came the Abbasid dynasty which ruled from 750-1258 C.E. the Abbasid dynasty fell after it was taken over by Seljuk Turks. The Arabs formed the Hemispheric trading zone getting silk and ceramics from China, spiced from India, and textiles from the Byzantine Empire.

3. The Turks were never unified and were separated by tribes and clans. Turks went to different countries including Persia, Anatolia and India. Many Turks served in the Abbasid army and the Abbasids recognized the Seljuk leader Tughril beg as Sultan. Seljuk Turks entered Anatolia and captured it. The Ottoman Turks captured Constantinople in 1453. The Turkish Ghaznavids led by Mahmud of Ghazni invaded northern India. Tughril Beg Mahmud of Ghazni

4. Turks traded with the Abbasid Empire Turks were traded as slaves to the Abbasids Served in military positions Turks produced limited amounts of pottery, metal goods, and other tools Traded these things to the Abbasids for agricultural and manufactured products

6. The Turks used Horses to travel. The Arabs had caravans of camels that were used for trade. Arabs also used ships to trade across the Indian Ocean.

7. The Abbasids expanded markets and economy while trading with the Turks Turks ended up converting to Islam, the religion of the Abbasids Turks ended up becoming the unofficial rulers of the Abbasid empire Saljuqs lived in Abbasid realm, and leaders were known as Sultans Sultans had power, while Caliphs were figureheads

8. Crusades were wars between Muslims and Christians over Palestine Turks, Egyptians, and other Muslims from empires united to combat the Christians Turks ended up interacting with other Arab/Islamic kingdoms while fighting together Saladin, Muslim leader during the Crusade, along with other Muslims.

9. Who did the Abbasid’s recognize as sultan? Tughril Beg What was one major interaction between Turks and the Abbasid’s? Turks served in the Abbasid army.

10. What animals did the Arabs use for their caravans? Camels What were many Turks traded as to the Abbasids? Slaves