1. AP – Abnormal Psychology
Personality Disorders

5. Personality Disorders
Cluster A (Odd-Eccentric Cluster)
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Personality Disorders
Cluster B (Dramatic-Impulsive Cluster)
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Cluster C (Anxious-Fearful Cluster)
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Dependent Personality Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

6. Personality Disorders Defined
Maladaptive personality styles
Developed early in life and are very resistant to change.
They become styles of life including extreme and rigid personality traits that involve odd or eccentric behaviors, dramatic and impulsive behavior or fearful or anxious behavior.
Generally people with personality disorders do not think they have a problem but often create problems for others!

7. Personality Disorders Defined
“an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the culture of the individual who exhibits it” APA
They are inflexible and pervasive across many situations
This is due in large part to the fact that such behavior is egosyntonic (the symptoms are part of who you are, they are who you are meant to be and are perceived as appropriate by you.)

8. Personality Disorders
Personality patterns
Maladaptive
Inflexible
Pervasive
Enduring
Deviant
Cause significant distress or impairment

9. Clusters Cluster A Cluster B Cluster C Paranoid Personality Disorder
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Cluster B
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Cluster C
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Dependent Personality Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

10. Cluster A - remain aloof, distrustful and shield themselves from the anxieties of interpersonal intimacy.
Odd, eccentric ways of thinking or behaving
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior

12. Cluster B Dramatic, emotional, or erratic
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others
Borderline Personality Disorder
Pervasion pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy

13. Cluster B

14. Conduct Disorder
A. A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated (see next slides)
B. The disturbance in behavior causes significant impairment in functioning
C. If the individual is 18 years or older, criteria are not met for Antisocial Personality Disorder

15. Conduct Disorder
A (continued). Three or more of the following criteria in the past 12 months and at least one in the past 6 months:
Aggression to people and animals
Often bullies, threatens, or intimidates others
Often initiates physical fights
Has used a weapon that can cause serious physical harm to others
Has been physically cruel to people
Has been physically cruel to animals
Has stolen while confronting a victim
Has forced someone into sexual activity

16. Conduct Disorder Destruction of property Deceitfulness or theft
Has deliberately engaged in fire setting with the intention of causing serious damage
Has deliberately destroyed others’ property (other than arson)
Deceitfulness or theft
Has broken into someone else’s house, building, or car
Often lies to obtain goods or favors or to avoid obligations
Has stolen items of nontrivial value without confronting a victim

17. Conduct Disorder Serious violation of rules
Often stays out at night despite parental prohibitions, beginning before age 13
Has run away from home overnight at least twice while living in parental or parental surrogate home
Is often truant from school, beginning before age 13

18. Cluster C - efforts to control anxiety about social rejection.
Anxious or fearful
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation
Dependent Personality Disorder
Pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
Pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency