1. CALOR2006 June 7, 2006 1 Julie Whitmore Fermilab Overview of the CMS Hadron Calorimeter

2. June 7, 2006 2 CMS Hadron Calorimeter HO HB HE HF

3. June 7, 2006 3 HCAL Subdetectors Had Barrel: HB Had Endcaps:HE Had Forward: HF Had Outer: HO HO HB HE HF (see Yasar Onel’s talk)

4. June 7, 2006 4 Sampling calorimeter: brass (passive) & scintillator (active) Coverage: |  |<1.3 Depth: 5.8 int (at  =0) segmentation:  x   resolution: ~ 90 %/ 0.087x0.087 20 o Completed & inserted into coil 17 layers longitudinally,  x  = 4 x 16 towers  HCAL Barrel (HB)

5. June 7, 2006 5 Completed, assembled & installed Sampling calorimeter: brass (passive) & scintillator (active) Coverage: 1.3 Coverage: 1.3<|  |<3 Depth: 10 int segmentation:  x   resolution: ~ 100%/ 0.087x0.087 20 o 19 layers longitudinally HCAL Endcap (HE)

6. June 7, 2006 6 Total number of int till the last sampling layer of HB is < 8 HO: 2 scint. layers around first  layer (extend to~11 int ) ~ 5% of a 300 GeV  energy is leaked outside the HB HO improves  resolution by ~10% at 300 GeV & linearity Test Beam 2002 Ring 0 Ring 1 Ring 2 HCAL : HO Calorimeter (Outer)

7. June 7, 2006 7 Installing Megatile Inspecting Tile Optical Design for Calorimeters Common Technology for HB, HE, HO

8. June 7, 2006 8 Shield Wall SBSSBS HPD FE MODULE 12 HTRs per Readout Crate, 2 DCC FRONT-END RBX Readout Box (On detector) READ-OUT Crate Trigger Primitives Fibers at 1.6 Gb/s 3 QIE-channels per fiber QIE CCA GOL DCCDCC TTC GOL CCA HTRHTR HTRHTR CAL REGIONAL TRIGGER 32 bits @ 40 MHz 16 bits @ 80 MHz CCA S-Link: 64 bits @ 25 MHz Rack CPU FE/DAQ Electronics CLKCLK HTRHTR Radiation Environment

9. June 7, 2006 9 HPD Hybrid PhotoDiode photon transducer for HB, HE, HO. Fiberoptic front window, conventional photocathode, pixelated diode (19 channels/device). From DEP, Holland. Need ~ 500 total. 19 x 5.5mm Diode Layout

10. June 7, 2006 10 6 Channel FE Board Custom ASICs QIE (6 / board) Fermilab CCA (3 / board) Fermilab Low Voltage Regulator (2 / board) CERN Developed in rad hard process Gigabit Optical Link [GOL] (2 / board) CERN Developed in rad hard process MC100LVEP111 MC100LVEP111 LVPECL clock fanout chip MC100LVELT23LVPECL-LVTTL P82B715 I2C Transceiver AD590 Temp Sensor OP184 bi-polar OpAmpPZT222A transistor HoneywellVCSELHFE419x-521(2/board) [back side of board]

11. June 7, 2006 11 Clock Control Monitoring ACTEL FPGA MC100VELT22 CMOS – diff LVPECL (7 total) Channel Control Monitoring Clock FRAM (Ramtron Tested) LV Regulator (7 total) Optocoupler 6N134 OpAmp OP184 PZT222A Transistor AD670 8-bit A/D (Analog Devices Tested) Analog MUX ADG 706 MC100LVEP RS 485 (2 total)

12. June 7, 2006 12 QIE Design Challenges Must respond to positive and negative inputs (HPDs and PMTs). Must respond to positive and negative inputs (HPDs and PMTs). High sensitivity inputs (1 fC/LSB for HPD) High sensitivity inputs (1 fC/LSB for HPD) Wide dynamic range (MIP  3 TeV [for single time slice]) Wide dynamic range (MIP  3 TeV [for single time slice]) Normal mode: 1 fC – 10 pC Normal mode: 1 fC – 10 pC Very high sensitivity calibration mode (1/3 fC/LSB to track detector response shifts from radioactive source (200 e). Very high sensitivity calibration mode (1/3 fC/LSB to track detector response shifts from radioactive source (200 e). Calib Mode: Custom FADC with very low DNL Calib Mode: Custom FADC with very low DNL

13. June 7, 2006 13 QIE Flash ADC Implementation of a 4-range splitter and a 5 bit non-linear FADC allows to simplify the design while having minimum effect on the detector resolution. Green is multiplicative increase in measuring error in %

14. June 7, 2006 14 HCAL Pulse Nominal HCAL pulse spread over several 25ns buckets Nominal HCAL pulse spread over several 25ns buckets Fraction in bucket is tunable via clock phase adjustment Fraction in bucket is tunable via clock phase adjustment Need to recover “event” concept, associate energy to a single crossing (bucket) and report it to the trigger Need to recover “event” concept, associate energy to a single crossing (bucket) and report it to the trigger

15. June 7, 2006 15 Choice of phase relative to pulse Most signal in 1 bucket Greatest dynamic range

16. June 7, 2006 16 HCALs Complete HF HE HB

17. June 7, 2006 17 HB+ Insertion

18. June 7, 2006 18 SX5 Now

19. June 7, 2006 19 HCAL Pedestals Pedestal RMS Distribution Pedestal RMS v. Slices Summed

20. June 7, 2006 20 HCAL Source Calibration Each Scintillator tile in every layer is calibrated with a moving wire 60 Co 5mCi source. HB/HE pre-calibration to ~ 4% Scatter around A0 gives the calibration coeff: Tile response x gain of HPD Attenuation due to variation of fiber length between tile and HPD as function of  (HB). Response of a scintillator tile as the radioactive source passes by it. (See Mayda Velasco’s Talk)

21. June 7, 2006 21 Two EB SM HCAL in Magnet Test/Cosmic Challenge MTCC - July 2006

22. June 7, 2006 22 MTCC Goals  Cable and close detector.  Study HB/HE gap.  Operate the calibration system in 4T field. (wire sourcing).  Measure scintillator brightening effect in 4 T field.  Confirm no pixel x-talk in HPD (proximity focussing).  Process data through complete software chain.  Reconstruct muons with proper calibration constants.  Magnet commissioning and mapping (First operation of the magnet)  Integration Plan Validation (First closing of the detector)  Sub-Detector technical verification. Test Alignment system. (First operation in 4T field)  Check entire detector- electronics-DAQ-CPT chain CMS general HCAL Specific

23. June 7, 2006 23 B-field effects Scintillator brightening HPD pixel cross talk due to electrons backscatter More light output in B-field. No cross talk in B-field Electrons are trapped along B-field line.

24. June 7, 2006 24 HCAL muons at SX5 (no B-field)

25. June 7, 2006 25 MTCC: Muon Pulse Shape Events above 10 fC, corrected for trigger jitter (max time-sliced forced to ts=10) Muon (EMU) Triggered

26. June 7, 2006 26 HCAL in Test Beam Replace by EB super module HB1 HB2 HO BEAM Pivot (TB2004 - See Jordan Damgov’s Talk) Late July – mid Sept 2006

27. June 7, 2006 27 TB2006 Goal Goal Measure performance of real CMS calorimeter. (2-300GeV) with real ECAL SuperModule and real ECAL readout Measure performance of real CMS calorimeter. (2-300GeV) with real ECAL SuperModule and real ECAL readout System test of combined ECAL+HCAL system. System test of combined ECAL+HCAL system. Real-life input data for the development of calorimeter software Real-life input data for the development of calorimeter software Calibrate radioactive source with beam (HCAL) again to repeat TB2004. Calibrate radioactive source with beam (HCAL) again to repeat TB2004. Study low energy beam data - improvements Study low energy beam data - improvements e/  /  /K/P separation - Cerenkov + TOF +  Veto + … e/  /  /K/P separation - Cerenkov + TOF +  Veto + … Cleaner beam (reduce/tag interactions in beam line) Cleaner beam (reduce/tag interactions in beam line)

28. June 7, 2006 28 Conclusions HCAL SX5 commissioning is almost done. HB/HE/HF source calibration completed. A calibration at the ~ 4% level exists for (HB/HE) and 5-7% for HF. HCAL SX5 commissioning is almost done. HB/HE/HF source calibration completed. A calibration at the ~ 4% level exists for (HB/HE) and 5-7% for HF. HCAL Trigger electronics burn-in/integration nearing completion in Building 186 staging area. Move to USC55 underground area 6/06. HCAL Trigger electronics burn-in/integration nearing completion in Building 186 staging area. Move to USC55 underground area 6/06. We need to exercise DB and DAQ systems. We need to exercise DB and DAQ systems. The MTCC will establish systematic shifts measured separately on the bench to hold the preliminary calibration. The MTCC will establish systematic shifts measured separately on the bench to hold the preliminary calibration. TB2006 must confront G4 incisively (see Jordan Damgov’s and Anwar Bhatti’s talk). TB2006 must confront G4 incisively (see Jordan Damgov’s and Anwar Bhatti’s talk). HCAL must perform a “calibration challenge”. HCAL must perform a “calibration challenge”.