1. African American Civil Rights Movement

2. I. Quickly Review Previous Black Civil Rights Struggles (1850’s – 1940’s)

3. Pre Civil War Abolition Movement Starts push for black rights Reconstruction Era has mixed legacy 13 th, 14 th & 15 th Amendments passed Federal Gov’t mainly ignores black civil rights during “Gilded Age ” Jim Crow Laws become entrenched Plessy v. Ferguson Supports segregation

4. WEB DuBois Booker T. Washington Progressive Era Black Civil Rights Activist Differ in Goals & Tactics

5. 1920’s & 1930’s Great Migration NAACP Founded Harlem Renaissance & “New Negro” Marcus Garvey & UNIA

6. WWII “Double V” Promotes Integration beginning in 1940’s

7. WHY WERE THESE INJUSTICES LIKELY TO RESULT IN A SOCIAL MOVEMENT? Consider the context of the 1940s and 1950s.

8. Still, “Jim Crow” laws in South & “de facto” segregation in North strong into the mid 20 th Century

9. II. Non-Violent Civil Disobedience (mid 1950’s & early ’60’s) “Grassroots” action gradually garners media attention and leads to federal involvement & legal change

10. Emmett Till Murder Trial (‘55) shocks nation Ordinary Americans pp. 224-225

11. Montgomery Bus Boycotts (‘55) Martin Luther King & SCLC Rosa Parks Civil Disobedience Ordinary Americans pp. 225-226

12. Little Rock Nine (‘57) Confrontation Results from Brown v. Board (‘54) “Dixiecrats” critical of violation of “states Rights” In “Southern Manifesto” Ordinary Americans pp. 226-228

13. Lunch Counter Sit-Ins (‘60) Organized by CORE & SNCC

14. Freedom Rides (‘61) Force Federal Action

15. Boycotts/Marches & Reactions garner publicity and enhance political pressure on JFK & LBJ

16. Birmingham Church Bombing (‘63)

17. Freedom Summer (1964) & Civil Rights Workers Murdered Ordinary Americans pp. 228-229

18. “Bloody Sunday” & Selma March (1965) Ordinary Americans pp. 232-233

19. “High Tide” of Non-Violent Black Civil Rights Movement March on Washington & “I Have a Dream” Speech 1963 Landmark Legislation: Civil Rights Act (1964) Voting Rights Act (1965) 24th Amendment (1965) Limits of Success??? Laws change faster than attitudes…rising expectations leads to growing frustration & militancy by mid/late 1960’s