2. I recommend taking quick notes on this! Your upcoming test this week will be an open-note test. This includes your graphic organizers on the independence leaders.

3. 100 200 400 300 400 Empires and Colonialism Colonial Life Independence Leaders I Independence Leaders II 300 200 400 200 100 500 100

4. Row 1, Col 1 Portugal controlled this country in In Latin America What is Brazil?

5. 1,2 Social class characterized by pure-blooded Spanish people who were born in Latin America What are creoles?

6. 1,3 He liberated Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru and Columbia. Who is Simon Bolivar?

7. 1,4 He was a priest and called the “ Father of Mexico ” because he led the Mexican war of independence from Spain. Who is Hidalgo?

8. 2,1 Five countries which Spain controlled. What are Mexico, Columbia, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela…?

9. 2,2 Social class characterized by mix-blooded people of white and Indian descent who were born in Latin America Who are mestizos?

10. 2,3 He was an Argentine general who liberated Argentina and Chile and even met Simon Bolivar Who was Jose San Martin?

11. 2,4 He was a Mexican revolutionary and outlaw who robbed trains and became an expert at cavalry raids during the early 1900 ’ s. Who was Pancho Villa?

12. 3,1 This country controlled Haiti. Who is France?

13. 3,2 The second lowest social class. Who are Native Americans/Indians?

14. 3,3 He led slave rebellions on Haiti and kicked out the French Who was Toussaint L ’ Overture?

15. 3,4 He proclaimed Brazil ’ s independence from Portugal and became Brazil ’ s first emperor Who is Pedro I?

16. 4,1 This system, used by the Spanish, forced natives to work on plantations in return for some protections. What is the encomiendo system ?

17. 4,2 Native Americans worked on Spanish farms, called these. What are Haciendas?

18. 4,3 I worked with Jose San Martin to liberate Chile from Spain Who was Bernardo O ’ Higgins?

19. 4,4 He was a conquistador who conquered the Aztecs. Who Hernan Cortes?

20. 5,1 The group of Europeans which used the most African slaves in the Latin American colonies: Spanish, Portuguese, or French Who are the Portuguese (in Brazil)?

21. 5,2 Sugar mills in Brazil, where African slaves worked, were called these. What are Engenhos ?

22. 5,3 He was the conquistador who conquered the Incas in Peru. Who is Agustin de Iturbide ?

23. 5,4 He fought for Mexico ’ s independence from Spain and served as Mexico ’ s president for 11 different terms. Who is Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna ?

24. Question: Who was Pedro II ? Answer: He was the last emperor of the newly independent Brazil.