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3. The Role of Probiotics in the Immune System By Jana Jennings

4. For Beginning Nutritional Students of All Ages. For any nutrition to make a difference in our immune system, and thus our health, it must be received in an environment conducive to absorption. Probiotics help contribute to a healthy intestinal environment. 3

5. 4 Introduction A large portion of our immune system is in our digestive system.

6. Doctors’ opinions of the amount of our immune system residing in our digestive tract range from 40 – 80%. At any opinion, it is worth giving attention to the military based in our gut. 5

7. Dr. Joseph MercolaDr. Joseph Mercola suggests six vital functions of probiotics in the digestive tract. Your friendly bacteria help to… Digest and promote absorption of some undigested starches, fiber, and sugars. Produce K and B vitamins and promote mineral absorption. Metabolize and break down toxins. 6 Probiotic Functions

8. 7 Keep bad bacteria under control. Probiotics also act as anti-inflammatories for bacteria-induced types of inflammation.Probiotics Prevent allergies. Provide vital support to your immune system. Probiotic Functions

9. Optimally, these nice guys should outnumber the bad guys by 85 to 15 percent. 8 Gut Bacterial Ratio

10. Many health issues can be resolved by restoring the optimal ratio between the good and the bad bacteria, helping us to heal from malnourishment and toxicity. 9 Gut Bacterial Ratio

11. For those exceptional people who make perfect dietary choices, probiotic supplementation is very seldom needed. But some circumstances may warrant supplementation for optimal recovery, such as overconsumption of sugar and taking antibiotics. 10 Dietary Choices

12. Broad spectrum antibiotics not only kill bad bacteria, but also kill your good bacteria, and can create “superbugs” when the course of treatment isn’t completed as directed. 11 Antibiotics

13. Bad Bacteria 12 Bad bacteria thrive on sugar and starch carbohydrates, but starve in the absence of carbohydrates.

14. Probiotic Strains There are many different strains of probiotics and each target different bacteria in their anti-inflammatory functions. 13 Strains continued on next page

15. For example, one study found that Lactobacillus and Propionibacterium groups were more effective anti- inflammatories in the inflammatory marker, CRP, which contributes to cardiovascular problems. 14 Return to probiotic functions Probiotic Strains

16. In addition to looking for various probiotic strains in your probiotic supplements, also look for those that… need no refrigeration, have a long shelf life, can survive stomach acid in order to pass into small intestine, and will reside long enough to colonize. 15 Shopping for Probiotic Supplements

17. For centuries and millennia past, we fermented foods. Only homemade and unpasteurized, lacto- fermented foods made from raw ingredients, actually offer the best probiotic treatment. 16 What did we do before supplements?

18. KefirKefir is loaded with beneficial enzymes and bacteria, especially if made with raw milk. It is rich and creamy, and very easy to make. It is almost lactose free as well. 17 Kefir

19. SauerkrautSauerkraut is another lacto-fermented food that has been providing superb nutrition for many centuries. It is eaten as a condiment at most meals for some people around the world. This batch of sauerkraut has been fermented with caraway seeds. 18 Sauerkraut

20. For his second round-the-world voyage, Captain Cook loaded 60 barrels of sauerkraut onto his ship. The sauerkraut had preserved sufficient quantities of vitamin C to protect the entire crew from scurvy. (Nourishing Traditions)Nourishing Traditions 19 Captain Cook

21. An excellent resource packed with recipes for excellent nutrition and tons of nutritional information and history is Nourishing Traditions by Sally Fallon 20 Return to Captain Cook Nourishing Traditions

22. Making dietary changes that optimize the good to bad bacteria ratio is a must in order to achieve the goals intended with the remainder of our good nutritional choices. If the intestinal walls and its environment are not healthy, nutrients cannot be adequately absorbed. 21 Conclusion