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NR 322: Quick History of GIS Jim Graham Fall 2008
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Where does it start? When was the first time someone scratched a map in the sand? Carved the number of fruit trees on their land onto a plank of wood?
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Town Plan from Catal Hyük (6200 B.C.) http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.missbarbara.net/carto.gif&imgrefurl=http://missbarbara.net/&h=160&w=155&sz=28&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=KvjKVX9L0flPHM:&tbnh=98&tbnw=95&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dancient%2Bmaps%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den
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Newgrange (3300 BC)
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Stonehenge (3000BC)
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First World Map: 500 BCE Neo-Babylonian (Persian Period) Copy of an original dating to the Sargonid Period, circa late eighth or seventh century BCE
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Interpretation http://www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/AncientWebPages/103.html
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Homer’s View of the Earth
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Roman fresco globe 50 A.D.
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Madaba Mosaic Map: Palestine, 565 A.D.
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Plan of Jerusalem, c. 1200 Psalter-fragment The Hague
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Pietro Vesconte's World Maps, 1321 East
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Henry The Navigator Portuguese prince Born: 1394 1498 Vasco de Gama sailed from Portugal to India
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Cantino world map (1502) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_world_maps
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Piri Reis map (1513)
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First Map of 4 Known Continents Sebastian Munster 1544
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Medieval map of the Black Sea
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Polynesian Stick Maps
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Buddhist Temple Complex
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Position Sun, Moon, and Stars? Sun, Moon, Stars and Stexant -> Latitude Sun, Moon, Stars, Stextant, and Chronometer -> Latitude and Longitude GPS
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Direction Sun, moon, and stars Compass GPS (as long as you are moving!)
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Recent Past Surveying with glass optics and “chains” –USGS Topographic Maps Charts and Sextants Compasses Street Maps
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Current GIS Computers with GIS Software (ArcGIS) Aerial & Satellite photography Laser surveys LandSat Satellite Images GPS Satellite Network
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Future of GIS? Interconnected Earth –Google Earth?
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Martin Behaim globe (1492)
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Fra Mauro world map (1459)
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World map according to Posidonius (150-130 B.C.)
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