1. The data: Ollie and Stavros O:What- what parts of ummm like your lessons (.) have you enjoyed (.) doing (.) with Rachel. S: (2.0) Hmm? O:What parts of your ermmm ((LS)) (1.0) foundation programme have you enjoyed doing with Rachel. S:(.) We- I don’t have Rachel. O:Oh you do:n’t? oh right. So what- (1.0) what lessons d- what lessons are you doin’?

2. ELF in the UK Research is also beginning to show how bad some native speakers are at using English for international communication. It may be that elements of an [English as a lingua franca] syllabus could usefully be taught within a mother tongue curriculum. (Graddol, 2006 p. 87)

3. ELF as a process multilingual communities have known [this] all along: language learning and language use succeed through performance strategies, situational resources, and social negotiations in fluid communicative contexts. Proficiency is therefore practice-based, adaptive and emergent…. The speakers are able to monitor each other’s language proficiency to determine mutually the appropriate grammar, lexical range and pragmatic conventions that would ensure intelligibility. (Canagarajah, 2007 pp. 923 - 925)

4. Teaching ELF? By thinking in terms of raising awareness, directing attention, developing sensitivity, challenging assumptions, etc., [Conversation Analysis] can [help] professionals to deepen their understanding and develop new competencies. (Richards, 2007 pp. 5 - 6)

5. Introducing English as a lingua franca: an online tutorial Self-directed Can be used in class, or individually Gives students practice in recording, transcribing, and reflecting on their conversation www.englishlinguafranca.com

7. Structure of the tutorial LEARN (pre-activity) What is ELF? Notation symbols Examples of classroom talk, recording and transcribing, analysis PRACTICE (activity) Form a group Record a discussion Transcribe Compare transcriptions Discuss

8. Ilias: a beginner transcriber

9. Ollie and Stavros: discussing their transcript

10. www.englishlinguafranca.com How and where can it be used? In any university class As a group assignment Embedded into a required study skills course As part of list of online study skills resources

11. Questions What about your students?? What are/might be the implications of their monolithic beliefs about language and/or lack of exposure to varieties of English? What could be done to improve their language awareness?