1. Nutrition and lifestyle during lactation Author : Kiss Emőke Co-author : Hintea Mădălina Coordonator : asist. Univ. Dr. Grama Alina 1

2. Introduction 2

3. Nursing mother produces about 700 ml of milk/day. Energy nutrient recommendations : o Proteins : around 70 grams per day o Fatty acids : 25% of the energy intake o Carbohydrates : 60-65 % of the energy intake o Vitamins and minerals : ▪Folate : 500 micrograms per day ▪Calcium : 1000 miligrams per day 3

4. Objective : This study aims to assess : the behavioral and dietary habits the physical activity level correlations between behavioral and environmental factors correlations between healthy and unhealthy lifestyle 4

5. Material and method : cross – sectional study 431 nursing mothers different ages from Mureş county on-line questionarre with 27 questions with multiple choice answers between September – December 2014 Statistical analysis - EpiInfo7, using Chi- Square Test 5

6. Results 6

7. Regular breakfast – habit : FoodPercent (%) Cereals with milk/yogurt30,7 % Toast with meat products25,1 % Omelette19,8 % Other12,4 % 7

8. Daily fruit consumption : 8

9. Greens and vegetables : 9

10. White bread vs. Whole-Grain bread 10

11. Daily meat consumption : 11

12. Fast-Food eating habit 12 FrequencyPercent (%) Rarely61,2 % Never15,3 % Once in a month15,3 % 1-2 times in a week7,7 % Once in a week0,2 % Daily0,2 %

13. Physical activity : 13 FrequencyPercent(%) Daily35.1 % Never29.1 % 1-2 times per week20.9 % 3-4 times per week14.4 %

14. Results based on alcohol and smoking : 83,8 % - do not smoke and usually don’t consume alcohol 16,2 % - who smoke but don’t drink or just ocasionally p = 0.001 14

15. Results based on smoking - personal opinion about being healthy 38.5 % - smoke and consider that they have a healthy lifestyle 61.5 % - do not smoke and consider that they have a healthy lifestyle p = 0.001 15

16. Conclusions : Nursing mothers do not have the necessary information about : – an adequate and well – balanced diet – what they are supposed to eat – the nutrient – dense foods – practices which are incompatible with lactation – the importance of physical activity 16

17. Solutions : Food Assistance Programs Educational Presentations about the benefits of breastfeeding Support groups for breastfeeding mothers 17

18. Thank you for your attention! 18