1. Section 4 Effects of Conquest

2. Conquests and wealth changed Rome’s economy and government!

3. Agricultural Changes Size and purpose of farms changed

4. Agricultural Change #1 Latifundias – large estates

5. Latifundias Produced crops, sheep, and cattle for sale at market No longer grew own wheat so had to import from Sicily and North Africa Produced crops, sheep, and cattle for sale at market No longer grew own wheat so had to import from Sicily and North Africa

6. Why?

7. Hannibal’s Invasion To prevent Hannibal’s soldiers from having food, many farmers burned their fields and now didn’t have the money to fix up their farms.

8. Agricultural Change #2 Who worked the land!

9. Slavery At first Romans did not enslave people By 146 B.C., (greed) began enslaving prisoners to work on estates At first Romans did not enslave people By 146 B.C., (greed) began enslaving prisoners to work on estates

10. From Farm to City Farmers who sold farms, had to work under new owners or move to city

11. Most moved to Rome! Most moved to Rome!

12. Problems in Rome Overcrowded apartments (caught fire or collapsed) Aqueducts (brought water) and sewers not connected to apartments Disease (typhus) No jobs… Overcrowded apartments (caught fire or collapsed) Aqueducts (brought water) and sewers not connected to apartments Disease (typhus) No jobs…

13. Only way to get money was to sell votes to politicians…

14. Decline of Roman Republic!

15. Decline of Republic As Rome’s rule grew, began demanding taxes and slaves Rome sold tax contracts to publicans – Roman tax collectors who paid Rome ahead of time Collected more than 10% As Rome’s rule grew, began demanding taxes and slaves Rome sold tax contracts to publicans – Roman tax collectors who paid Rome ahead of time Collected more than 10%

16. Trouble for Rome!

17. By 135 B.C. Rome was in trouble! Farmers – lost economic and political independence Merchants – lost business b/c rich Romans wanted goods from Greece and Syria Government officials only concerned with getting rich Farmers – lost economic and political independence Merchants – lost business b/c rich Romans wanted goods from Greece and Syria Government officials only concerned with getting rich

18. Gap between rich and poor grew greater!

19. Rome had become politically unstable!