1. Metric System

2. Types of Measurements Length-measure of distance
Measured with a meter stick or ruler
Volume-measure of how much space an object takes up
Measured with a graduated cylinder, by water displacement, or by equation
cube volume=length X width X height (LXWXH)
Mass-technically a measure of matter, but here on Earth it is the same thing as weight
Measured with a triple-beam-balance

3. Metric System
The metric system is based on a base unit for each measurement
Length = meter
Volume = liter
Mass(Weight) = gram
Temperature = Celsius
Time = seconds
Prefixes plus base units make up the metric system
Example:
Centi + meter = Centimeter

4. Metric System The three prefixes that we will use the most are: kilo
centi
milli
kilo
hecto
deka
Base Units
meter
gram
liter
deci
centi
milli

5. Metric System These prefixes are based on powers of 10.
From each “step” is either:
10 times larger or
10 times smaller
kilo
hecto
deca
Base Units
meter
gram
liter
deci
centi
milli

6. Why 10 times larger?
Units that are 10 times larger or smaller are easier to convert.
1 centimeter = 10 millimeters 40 41
1 mm 40 41
1 cm

7. Metric System For each “step” to right, you are multiplying by 10
1 liter = 10 deciliters = 100 centiliters
2 grams = 20 decigrams = 200 centigrams
( 1 x 10 = 10) = (10 x 10 = 100)
(2 x 10 = 20) = (20 x 10 = 200)
kilo
hecto
deca
meter
liter
gram
deci
centi
milli

8. Metric System
An easy way to move within the metric system is by moving the decimal point one place for each “step”
1 meter = 10 decimeters = 100 centimeters or
1.00 meter = 10.0 decimeters = 100. centimeters
kilo
hecto
deca
meter
liter
gram
deci
centi
milli

9. Metric System Now let’s try from meters to kilometers:
1600 meters = 160 decameters
16 hectometers
1.6 kilometers
kilo
hecto
deca
meter
liter
gram
deci
centi
milli

10. Metric System
If you move to the left in the diagram, move the decimal to the left
If you move to the right in the diagram, move the decimal to the right
kilo
hecto
deca
meter
liter
gram
deci
centi
milli

11. Clicker Question
How many milliliters are in a 2 liter bottle of soda?
0.002
200
2000 20
kilo
hecto
deca
meter
liter
gram
deci
centi
milli

12. Clicker Question
How many kilometers do they run in a 1600 meter relay?
160,000
160 16
1.6
kilo
hecto
deca
meter
liter
gram
deci
centi
milli

13. Temperature Celsius Scale is based on water
The freezing point of water is 0OC
The boiling point of water is 100OC

14. Temperature Conversion
The equations to convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius are:
°F = (1.8 x °C) +32
°C = (°F-32) x 0.555

15. Example If it is 80°F outside, what is the temperature in °C?
°C = (°F-32) x 0.555
°C = (80-32) x 0.555
°C = (48) x 0.555
°C = 26.6

16. Clicker Question
If a substance is 80°C, what is the temperature in °F?
°F = (1.8 x °C) +32
°F = (1.8 X 80) + 32
°F = (144) + 32
°F = 176
114
176
4608
112

17. Density
Density is calculated by dividing the mass of an object by the volume.
Density = Mass/Volume
For example 1mL of water has a mass of 1g.
Density = 1g/1mL
Density = 1g/mL
Objects with a density less than 1g/mL will float in water and objects with a density greater than 1g/mL will sink in water

18. Clicker Question 0.8 g/mL 12.5 g/mL 90 g/mL Impossible to Calculate
What is the density of a box with a mass of 40 g and a volume of 50 mL
D = mass/volume
D = 40g / 50 mL
D = 0.8 g/mL
0.8 g/mL
12.5 g/mL
90 g/mL
Impossible to Calculate

19. Clicker Question g m L kg
What units would you use to measure the mass of your neighbor? g m L kg

20. Clicker Question m g km cm
What units would you use to measure the length of your pencil? m g km cm