1. Muslim Lands Fall to Imperialist Demands
Imperialism in the Ottoman Empire

2. Background Muslim power was weakening
The empire had difficulties trying to fit into the modern world
However, Greece had become independent and Serbia gained self-rule.
Despite the attempted reforms, the Ottoman became weaker and weaker, catching European’s interests

3. Factors for imperialism
Strategic location: access to Mediterranean and Atlantic sea trade
Discovery of oil in Persia and the Arabian Peninsula
The Mediterranean sea was a very valuable body of water and mostly all of the Ottoman empire surrounded it. The Russians desperately wanted this so that they could easily export grains. Hence, they invaded.

4. Who Invaded? Egypt Black Sea Persia
After the French Revolution, Muhammad Ali attempted to modernize
Costly reforms, including the construction of the Suez Canal, meant that Egypt could not repay European bankers and eventually Britain took over
Black Sea
Russia launched war against Ottoman Empire who resisted, called the Crimean War ( )
Britain and France helped Ottomans and prevented Russia from further expansion
Persia
1907, Russia and Britain took over and divided shares into spheres of influence

5. Effects: Positive
Crimean War marked the transition from traditional to modern warfare
Banks, insurance companies, and legal firms were created
Major cities expanded
Classes emerged: small but influential urban middle class and a class of wage laborers

6. Effects: Negative Widespread financial corruption and bankruptcy
Government became heavily dependent on foreign loans
Few exports were sent abroad and Egypt then went into debt like the rest of the empire
Reform groups demanded a constitution

7. What has happened since?
The Ottoman Empire became the republic of Turkey
It is now a republican parliamentary democracy.

8. Approximately 2 weeks time and 4,000 miles were cut off the trip from the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea
The Ottoman Empire was very large and one of the most powerful empires in the world at the time but it eventually declined to one only country.

9. Overall
The effects of imperialism in the Ottoman Empire were mostly negative. They eventually led to the empire’s decline. However the separate regions formerly in the Ottoman empire are independent today.