1. Chapter 16 Section 3 – The Struggle for North America
Setting the Scene: In the 1600s, France, the Netherlands, England, and Sweden joined Spain in claiming parts of North America. North America did not yield vast treasure or offer a water passage to Asia, as they had hoped. Before long, though, the English and French were turning large profits by growing tobacco in Virginia, fishing off the North Atlantic coast, and trading fur from New England to Canada. By 1700, France and England controlled large parts of North America. As their colonies grew, they developed their own governments, different from each other and from that of Spanish America.

2. In 1608 Samuel de Champlain built the first permanent French settlement in Quebec

3. Jesuits and other missionaries followed,
trying to convert Native Americans
Jesuit missionaries being welcomed by Recollet missionaries, Quebec, After the Recollets first arrived in 1614, they were followed by the Jesuits in 1625.

4. The harsh climate and poor soil attracted few farmers and the population grew slowly

5. In the late 1600s, King Louis XIV sent settlers and soldiers to New France
Three types of immigrants settled in New France:
Les filles du roi - about 900 orphan girls sent over by the King because of the shortage of women in the colony.
Soldiers who were offered free land after having completed their military service.
Les engagés (hired workers) who agreed to come and work in New France for 3 years.

6. French forts, missions, and trading posts stretched from Quebec to Louisiana, yet the population remained small

7. A. Early Settlers

8. In 1607, the English built their first permanent colony at Jamestown, Virginia

9. Many settlers died of starvation or disease; the rest survived with the help of the Native Americans

10. Harvesting tobacco at Jamestown, about 1650
The settlers started growing tobacco, a crop they learned about from the Indians
Harvesting tobacco at Jamestown, about 1650

11. The Landing of the Pilgrims by Bacon
In 1620, the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth, Massachusetts, seeking religious freedom
The Landing of the Pilgrims by Bacon

12. Before coming ashore they signed the Mayflower Compact, which set out guidelines for governing their colony

13. Many Pilgrims died until local Indians taught them to grow corn and helped them survive

14. More immigrants arrived and the Massachusetts Bay Colony was established

15. Some colonies were organized for profit, others were havens for persecuted religious groups

16. The colonies needed workers and Africans were imported as slaves

17. Royal governors oversaw colonial affairs and passed laws to regulate trade

18. Each colony had a representative assembly to advise the governor and decide local issues
Williamsburg, VA

19. A. European Colonies in the Americas

20. By the 1600s, Spain, France, England, and the Netherlands were competing for colonies and trade around the world

21. During the 1700s, Britain and France emerged as global powers and clashed in Europe, North America, Africa, and Asia

22. In North America, the French and Indian War lasted from 1754 to 1763

23. The Seven Years' War erupted in 1756 in Europe and spread to India and Africa

24. The 1763 Treaty of Paris ended the war and ensured British dominance in North America

25. As settlers claimed more land, Native Americans resisted and bitter fighting resulted

26. Decline of the Illinois Indian population, 1677-1765.
Disease weakened or killed many Native Americans and their population plummeted
Decline of the Illinois Indian population,

27. The Indian way of life helped shape the emerging new culture of North America