1. PUBLIC SPEAKING Speaking in Small Groups Copyright 2012 1

2. Small Group Collection of 3-12 (18) people who assemble for specific purpose Copyright 20122

3. Problem-Solving Group Formed to solve particular problem Copyright 20123

4. Leadership Influencing group to help achieve goals Copyright 20124

5. Kinds of Group Leaders Implied Emergent Designated Copyright 20125

6. Implied Leader Member to whom others defer because of rank or expertise Copyright 20126

7. Emergent Leader Member who emerges as leader during deliberations Copyright 20127

8. Designated Leader Member elected or appointed as leader when group is formed Copyright 20128

9. Group Needs Procedural Task Maintenance Copyright 20129

10. Procedural Needs Routine “housekeeping” actions necessary for efficient conduct of group business Copyright 201210

11. Task Needs Substantive actions necessary to help small group complete its task Copyright 201211

12. Maintenance Needs Communicative actions that maintain interpersonal relations within the group Copyright 201212

13. Small Group Responsibilities Commit to group goals Fulfill individual assignments Avoid interpersonal conflicts Encourage full participation Keep discussion on track Copyright 201213

14. Hidden Agenda Unstated individual goals that may conflict with group goals Copyright 201214

15. Reflective-Thinking Method Five-step method for directing discussion in small group Copyright 201215

16. Reflective-Thinking Method Define problem Analyze problem Establish criteria for solutions Generate potential solutions Select best solution Copyright 201216

17. Question of Policy Whether specific course of action should or should not be taken Copyright 201217

18. Discussion Question Guidelines Make question clear, specific Phrase question to allow for many answers Avoid biased questions Pose single question Copyright 201218

19. Clear & Specific Question Ineffective: – What should be done about fraudulent charities? More Effective: – What should the federal government do to control the activities of fraudulent charities? Copyright 201219

20. Allow Many Answers Ineffective: – Should our community build more bike paths? More Effective: – What should our community do to improve services for bike riders? Copyright 201220

21. Avoid Biased Questions Ineffective: – How can we keep the campus bookstore from ripping off students? More Effective: – What changes, if any, should be made in the pricing policies of the campus bookstore? Copyright 201221

22. Single Question Ineffective: – What revisions should our school consider in its admissions requirements and in its graduation requirements? Copyright 201222

23. Pose Single Question More Effective: – What revisions should our school consider in its admissions requirements? More Effective: – What revisions should our school consider in its graduation requirements? Copyright 201223

24. Consensus Decision acceptable to all group members Copyright 201224

25. Group Recommendations Oral report Symposium Panel Copyright 201225

26. Oral Report Speech presenting group’s findings, decisions, etc. Copyright 201226

27. Symposium Public presentation in which people give speeches on different aspects of topic Copyright 201227

28. Panel Discussion Structured conversation among people in front of audience Copyright 201228