1. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-1 Chapter 2 Working with ArcMap

2. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-2 Outline The ArcMap interface Simple operations in ArcMap Modifying symbols Scaling and units Labeling maps and features

3. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-3 Table of Contents Menu bar Toolbars Map scale Map units display Layer

4. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-4 What is a layer? Spatial data file Associated properties Held in memory in ArcMap Used as inputs to functions/tools May be saved as a file

5. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-5 Same shapefile Different symbols Layers for display C:\workshop\mgisdata\sturgis\stands2.shp Two layers, one shapefile

6. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-6 Layers for copying symbols Store symbols, labels, and display settings for single or groups of feature classes and open them in new map documents quickly. One-click… --layer file

7. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-7 Layers based on selections Still based on one original file shared by both layers Shows only a selected subset in the map and in the table Use as input for a tool, e.g. buffer only the aspen stands [cover_type] = ‘Aspen’

8. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-8 Data frames Active frame View Mode Layer Data frame Data frames Boxes containing layers to be viewed and analyzed together

9. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-9 Data frame properties Right-click to open properties

10. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-10 Adding data to frames Connect to Folder

11. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-11 The map document Stores collections of data for repeated viewing and analysis Contains one or more data frames Stores current properties for each layer (symbols, etc) Stores a page layout for printing Stores references to files-- not the actual data C:\mgisdata\usa\states.shp

12. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-12 Map docs and data files Same data can be used by many map documents Edits made in one document appear in ALL Shipping map document without its data is useless Changing locations of document or data can cause problems Files on disk Points to data

13. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-13 Causes of broken data links Some causes –Data were moved or deleted –Drive not available –Map document copied to different computer –Data not sent with map Broken data links occur when a map document cannot find data using the stored pathname C:\mgisdata\usa\supersites.shp ?? D:\mgisdata\usa\supersites

14. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-14 Pathnames Usa MapDocuments mgisdata C:\ --States --Cities --Counties --ex_1.mxd --ex_2.mxd --ex_3.mxd Absolute paths always start at the top of the data tree C:\mgisdata\usa\states.shp Relative paths start at the location of the map document..\usa\states.shp.. Means go up one level Broken data links occur when a map document cannot find data using the stored pathname ?

15. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-15 When to use… Absolute paths –Data placed on central server for access by many –Data will never be moved or rearranged –You want to be able to transfer map docs without transferring data also Relative paths –When you plan to keep data with its map documents and move them together as a set –When you want to distribute maps/data to other organizations

16. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-16 Map window in Layout View Data frames Table of Contents Active frame Menu bar Toolbars Map scale Map units display View Mode

17. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-17 Data frames

18. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-18 Adding data Connect to Folder

19. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-19 View Mode Data viewLayout view Refresh

20. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-20 The table of contents Draw Order Place layers in data frames Change draw order Turn layers on/off Change symbol properties Display or Source mode Access layer properties

21. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-21 Table of contents mode Change draw order Show folders and tables Work with selections

22. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-22 Layer control Right-click name

23. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-23 Layer Properties Properties tabs

24. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-24 Left-click symbol The Symbol Selector

25. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-25 Changing symbols

26. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-26 Grouping layers

27. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-27 Setting Map Tips On layer properties Display tab On layer properties Fields tab

28. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-28 Identifying features

29. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-29 Finding features

30. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-30 Map scale Ratio of distance on the map to distance on the ground Dimensionless: cm or inches or mm… 1 cm on map = 100,000 cm on ground

31. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-31 Talking about map scale A large denominator gives a small fraction  a small scale map. It shows a large area. A small denominator gives a larger fraction  a large scale map. It shows a small area. 1 -------- 50,000,000 1 -------- 500,000 1 -------- 5,000

32. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-32 Digital vs original scale Once in GIS data may be displayed at any scale, BUT Original scale of the map does impact the precision and accuracy of the data. Original scale 1:10 million Original scale 1:100,000 You should not display or analyze data at scales very different from the original source data.

33. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-33 Units The cursor position on the screen may be read in several different types of units. Map units are determined by the x-y coordinates stored in the data file. –Usually they are in degrees, feet, or meters Display units can be set by the user, so that the coordinates may be viewed in any desired unit, such as miles. Page units show the location on the map page layout, usually in inches or cm.

34. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-34 Scale bar shows current scale as you zoom in/out Set map units and display units in layer properties Position bar shows current location of cursor Display units Page units

35. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-35 Display scale Visible range set less than or greater than a specific scale. Helps avoid clutter. 1:260,425 1:325,582

36. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-36 Reference scale Reference scale sets the size of features relative to a specific scale. When set, symbols change size after zoom Reference scale not set Reference scale set Reference scale

37. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-37 Don’t confuse these scale terms The map scale is the ratio of the map units to the ground units, e.g. 1:24,000. It changes when you zoom in or out. The display scale range controls whether a layer is visible only at certain scales. The reference scale determines whether symbols/text also change size when the map scale changes

38. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-38 Measuring Choose units Get exact value for a feature Measure lengths and areas

39. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-39 Labeling Options Simple labels –Placed by user individually Dynamic labels –Placed automatically for an entire layer Annotation –Created from dynamic labels –Stored permanently with feature class

40. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-40 Simple Labels

41. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-41 Multi-line labels

42. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-42 Dynamic Labels Turn on/off for entire layers Redrawn each time the map view changes Uses Autoplacement to ensure no overlaps between labels Unavoidable overlaps are discarded Can specify classes with own symbols Can specify placement priorities May change between screen and printing

43. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-43 Label properties

44. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-44 Placement Options polygons points lines

45. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-45 Point placement options Choose preferred locations Set up angled text Set treatment of duplicate labels

46. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-46 Polygon placement options

47. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-47 Line placement options Lines

48. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-48 Conflict Detection Give different label classes different priorities Give different layers different priorities Set up white space buffer around labels

49. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-49 Scale range for labels

50. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-50 Choosing label styles

51. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-51 Using Label Classes Example: Use different size text for different size towns

52. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-52 Creating label classes 1 5 4 3 2 Repeat for each class

53. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-53 The default label class The default class is always present at first. If you are not using it, then to avoid double labels, either delete the default class or uncheck the Label Features box.

54. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-54 Labeling toolbar Set label priority Set label weight ranking

55. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-55 Label Manager Fast control of labels for all layers

56. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-56 Viewing unplaced labels

57. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-57 Annotation Provides precise control of each label Can be stored three ways –As text in the map document –As a feature class in a geodatabase –As feature-linked annotation in a geodatabase If the feature gets deleted, so does the label Must have ArcEditor or ArcInfo license

58. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-58 Creating annotation from dynamic labels 2. Place Overflow labels 1. Choose conversion options

59. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-59 Printing maps

60. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-60 Export as picture file

61. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-61 Using a template

62. Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 2-62 Assigning frames