1. Romantic 1827-1900

2. Historical Events 1828 – First passenger and freight railroad 1828 – First passenger and freight railroad 1835 – Mark Twain is born 1835 – Mark Twain is born 1836 – Texas wins its’ independence from Mexico 1836 – Texas wins its’ independence from Mexico

3. Historical Events Historical Events 1837 – Music Education begins in Boston 1837 – Music Education begins in Boston 1838 -1 st photography 1838 -1 st photography 1844 – Samuel Morse sends the 1 st telegraph 1844 – Samuel Morse sends the 1 st telegraph

4. Historical Events 1844 – YMCA founded 1844 – YMCA founded 1848 – God discovered in California 1848 – God discovered in California 1853 –The Steinway piano factory is started in New York 1853 –The Steinway piano factory is started in New York

5. Historical Events 1861 – Civil War begins 1861 – Civil War begins 1864 – Slavery ends 1864 – Slavery ends 1865 – Lincoln is assassinated 1865 – Lincoln is assassinated 1874 – First American Zoo in Philadelphia 1874 – First American Zoo in Philadelphia 1860 – Abraham Lincoln becomes president 1860 – Abraham Lincoln becomes president

6. Historical Events 1876 – National Baseball League founded 1876 – National Baseball League founded 1876 – Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone 1876 – Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone 1878 – Thomas Edison invents the phonograph, light bulb, and movie projector 1878 – Thomas Edison invents the phonograph, light bulb, and movie projector

7. Historical Events 1885 – Twain publishes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1885 – Twain publishes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1892 – World Premiere of The Nutcracker ballet with music by Tchaikovsky 1892 – World Premiere of The Nutcracker ballet with music by Tchaikovsky 1893 – Henry Ford makes his first automobile 1893 – Henry Ford makes his first automobile

8. Historical Events 1895 – Babe Ruth is born 1895 – Babe Ruth is born 1898 – Patent of the motion picture camera by Thomas Edison, development of sound recording 1898 – Patent of the motion picture camera by Thomas Edison, development of sound recording 1900 – Radio waves transmit human voice/speech 1900 – Radio waves transmit human voice/speech

9. General Facts Difficult political times in Europe (b/c of democracy Difficult political times in Europe (b/c of democracy Pianos become common in homes Pianos become common in homes Slavery ends in America Slavery ends in America

10. General Facts Nationalistic music becomes popular Nationalistic music becomes popular Impressionistic art becomes popular (less detail, more mood) Impressionistic art becomes popular (less detail, more mood)

11. Music Facts Greater variety of instruments, especially woodwinds Greater variety of instruments, especially woodwinds Melodies are longer Melodies are longer Music becomes more dramatic and emotional Music becomes more dramatic and emotional Tempos and dynamics are more extreme Tempos and dynamics are more extreme

12. Music Facts Music Facts Program music becomes popular – music portrays events or tells a story Program music becomes popular – music portrays events or tells a story Opera becomes very popular Opera becomes very popular Musicals begin to be written (lighter version of opera) Musicals begin to be written (lighter version of opera) France and Russia become strong music centers France and Russia become strong music centers

13. Instruments Brass instruments have valves and become more popular Brass instruments have valves and become more popular Piano becomes the dominant instrument Piano becomes the dominant instrument Orchestra gets larger Orchestra gets larger New woodwinds invented (oboe and saxophone) New woodwinds invented (oboe and saxophone) Virtuosos become popular – exceptional soloists Virtuosos become popular – exceptional soloists

14. Composers Chopin – piano Chopin – piano Shubert – art songs Shubert – art songs Robert and Claire Schumann – piano Robert and Claire Schumann – piano

15. Composers Wagner – opera Wagner – opera Tchaikovsky – ballets and symphonies (The Nutcracker) Tchaikovsky – ballets and symphonies (The Nutcracker) Brahms – piano Brahms – piano

16. Composers Verdi – opera Verdi – opera Faure – art songs Faure – art songs Sousa – marches Sousa – marches

17. Ludwig van Beethoven German German Began going deaf in his early 30’s Began going deaf in his early 30’s Composed for piano and orchestras Composed for piano and orchestras Fur Elise, Moonlight Sonata, 9th Symphony, and 5th Symphony, Ode to Joy Fur Elise, Moonlight Sonata, 9th Symphony, and 5th Symphony, Ode to Joy

18. Styles of Music Styles of Music Ballet Ballet Opera Opera Symphony Symphony

19. Styles of Music Concertos Concertos Symphonic Poem (Program Music) – Sorcerer’s Apprentice Symphonic Poem (Program Music) – Sorcerer’s Apprentice Art song – vocal solo, emphasis on text Art song – vocal solo, emphasis on text

20. Vocabulary Romantic period Romantic period Opera Opera Mass Mass Requiem Requiem