1. 2 nd Semester Exam Review

2. What is Dred Scott v. Sanford? How did it impact slavery?

3. Slaves were property, not citizens, so they couldn’t use the court system Congress could not outlaw slavery because that would be taking away someone’s property without Due Process… thus violating the 5 th Amendment.

4. Who are the following things associated with? Supported secession Didn’t like politics but became president of the Confederacy. Was originally from Mississippi Became a US Senator

5. Jefferson Davis

6. What was Abraham Lincoln’s position on secession and slavery?

7. He did not believe in secession – he felt that it would ruin the country. He opposed slavery.

8. Who is Robert E. Lee as it relates to the Civil War?

9. He was the Supreme Military Commander of the Confederate Army. He also surrendered to Grant at the Appomattox Court House.

10. Who is U.S. Grant as it relates to the Civil War?

11. Supreme Military Commander of the Union Army & accepted surrender by Lee to end the war.

12. Who had the following advantages and which war was it in? A stronger Navy More manufacturing A much larger population A better economy

13. The Union during the Civil War

14. Who had the following advantages and which war was it in? Knew the land Trying to preserve their way of life Better military commanders Able to fight a defensive war

15. The Confederacy during the Civil War

16. What are the 5 main causes for the Civil War

17. 1.Compromise of 1850 2.Fugitive Slave Act 3.Kansas-Nebraska Act 4.Dred Scott v. Sandford 5.Harpers Ferry

18. What were the major battles of the Civil War & why was each important? What is your mnemonic device?

19. Fat Boys Shouldn’t Always Give Veggies Away! Fort Sumter – first shot fired of CW Bull Run – first battle of CW Shiloh – Union gained control of northern Mississippi Antietam – Single bloodiest day of CW

20. Fat Boys Shouldn’t Always Give Veggies Away! Gettysburg – turning point of war & where Gettysburg address was issued by Lincoln. Vicksburg – Union gains control of entire Mississippi River & splits Conf. in 2 Appomattox Courthouse – Lee surrenders to Grant & CW is officially over.

21. What were effects of the Civil War on the nation, the people, and on the South?

22. Nation – Economic problems – like Panic of 1873, Contract System, sharecropping (debt) People – Social problems – like what to do with 4 million freedmen (Freedmens Bureau) & how to deal with the KKK and Black Codes. South – Trying to maintain way of life (cash crops) but would become more industrial over time.

23. FREE MEN VOTE! 13 th Amendment – Freed all slaves 14 th Amendment – Granted citizenship to former slaves 15 th Amendment – Gave voting rights to African American males.

24. What was the main goal of the Seneca Falls Convention?

25. To promote equal rights for women

26. Which document influenced Elizabeth Cady Stanton?

27. The Declaration of Independence

28. Who were the 4 reformers and what did each do?

29. 1.Sojourner Truth – Abolitionist who was born a slave and wrote the poem, “Ain’t I a Woman” 2.Harriet Beecher Stowe – Abolitionist who wrote, Uncle Tom’s Cabin to expose the cruelties of slavery in the South.

30. 3. Frederick Douglas – Abolitionist who was the Editor of the newspaper North Star. He was an escaped slave who also wrote his own autobiography. 4. William Lloyd Garrison – Abolitionist who wrote The Liberator

31. What were the reasons for Manifest Destiny?

32. Economic Opportunity Competition from Europe to gain land in North America New Markets for goods Natural Resources

33. How was Manifest Destiny accomplished?

34. Americans moving west: “Go west young man, go west!” The Missouri Compromise The Mexican Cession Through better transportation (railroads)

35. The Annexation of Texas The Louisiana Purchase The Gadsden Purchase

36. What was the Mexican Cession?

37. It was part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo which ended the war with Mexico. It recognized Texas as being part of the US & the US bought for $15 million 2 million square miles of territory.

38. Who was the president at the time of the Mexican Cession?

39. James K. Polk

40. What did the Indian Removal Act do?

41. Gave President Jackson the power to negotiate treaties for resettlement with Native Americans. Led to the Trail of Tears.

42. Who is associated with the following? Rise of the common man “To the Victor belongs the spoils” Vetoing the charter for the 2 nd National Bank Removing the Native Americans to Oklahoma Was President during the Nullification Crisis.

43. Andrew Jackson

44. What was the patronage system?

45. “To the Victor Belongs the Spoils!” When presidents give people that have supported them key positions in their new administration.

46. Why was Andrew Jackson’s election in 1828 important to the development of politics?

47. It was more democratic because more white males could vote than ever before.

48. What were the effects of the Missouri Compromise?

49. Slavery was allowed in certain places of the Louisiana Purchase land Slave States and Free States remained equal in Congress. Helped fuel tensions leading to the Civil War

50. What was the effect of the Cotton Gin on the South?

51. It greatly increased slavery by making cotton farming more profitable.

52. Which industry saw the biggest change from the invention of the steam engine?

53. The transportation industry when trains started using steam as power.

54. The Louisiana Purchase was important because it….

55. We purchased the land from France for $15 million. It doubled the size of the US & Allowed the US immediate access and control of the Port of New Orleans.

56. What was the Supreme Court’s ruling in Marbury v. Madison?

57. The Supreme Court could declare a law unconstitutional, it gave them the power of Judicial Review!

58. What is judicial review?

59. It allowed the US Supreme Court to determine if a law passed by Congress was unconstitutional.

60. What was the route taken by Lewis and Clark?

61. M-M-W They went through Missouri, Montana and Washington

62. What were 2 accomplishments of Thomas Jefferson’s Presidency?

63. The Louisiana Purchase & Sent Lewis & Clark on their expedition

64. What were the major battles of the American Revolution & why was each battle important? Tip: mnemonic device?

65. Lets Buy Some Yogurt Lexington/Concord – “Shot heard round the world” – 1 st shot of the AR Bunker Hill – Moral victory for America Saratoga – Turning point in war – France becomes an ally. Yorktown – Britain surrenders to America.

66. What compromise allowed the Federalists and the Anti- Federalists finally agree to ratify the Constitution?

67. The addition of a Bill of Rights

68. Before the Civil War… what was the economy of the South Based on?

69. Plantation agriculture (cotton) using slave labor

70. Why was the invention of interchangeable parts so important?

71. It allowed things to be made much quicker and with less skill than if they were made one piece at a time by hand.