1. Wave Energy Desalination System By: Michael Casebier Vincent Fiamengo Kenny Se Ericson Capitulo Wilfred Salvador Dr. Josh Hamel Group 11

2. Overview What is Desalination? – Multi-Stage Flash Distillation – Electro-Dialysis – Reverse Osmosis

3. Problem Statement (Client’s Need) What? – On an anchored boat with no electricity or fuel, there is a lack of a way to produce safe drinking water. – Wave energy can be used to produce the power needed for desalinization of water Who? – The client is an owner of a 55ft wooden ketch and the need is to have a desalination system for his boat.

4. Osmosis Diffusion of water or other solvents through a membrane. A low and high concentrated solvent are separated by a membrane. The low concentrated solvent passes through the membrane, weakening the strength of the concentrated solution.

5. Osmosis Source: http://www.nanoh2o.com/technology/principles_of_rohttp://www.nanoh2o.com/technology/principles_of_ro

6. Reverse Osmosis Opposite of Osmosis – High Concentration → Low Concentration – Separation of Solute and Solvent Pressure must be applied, usually around 800 psi The size of the solutes prevents them from passing through the membrane.

7. Reverse Osmosis Source: http://images.yourdictionary.com/reverse-osmosishttp://images.yourdictionary.com/reverse-osmosis

8. Applications of Reverse Osmosis Water and Waste Water Purification – Rain Water Food Industry – Fruit Juice Concentrates – Milk Concentrate – Whey Protein – Reduction of Shipping Cost Aquariums – Chemicals may be harmful to fish – Mixtures of salt water concentration

9. Applications of Reverse Osmosis Drinking Water Purification – Removes unwanted chemicals and minerals – Usually used in combination with other purification processes Sediment Filter Carbon Filter (organic and chlorine removal) Reverse Osmosis Optional Second Carbon Filter UV Lamp (further sterilization of microbes)

10. Disadvantages of Reverse Osmosis Brine Membrane Maintenance Very Small Yield

11. Wave Energy Waves are created from wind and pressure differentials Surface Waves Wave Energy used in – Desalination Plants – Power Plants

12. Advantages of Wave Energy Energy is “free” (no fuel required) Not very expensive to operate and maintain Can produce a good amount of energy

13. Disadvantages of Wave Energy Dependent on waves Site specific

14. Extracting Energy from Waves Vertical Motion Horizontal Motion Energy output is dependent on wave height, wave speed, wave length, and water density

15. Utilizing a Buoy Vertical motion of waves drives Buoy Source: http://shipgaz.com/old/magazine/issues/2004/18/1804_artikel2.phphttp://shipgaz.com/old/magazine/issues/2004/18/1804_artikel2.php

16. Details of the Selected Design Engineering Analysis and Design Decisions Evaluation of Design with respect to Objective/Requirements Budget and Timeline Issues Demonstration of Prototype

17. Objectives and Constraints Objectives Simple to use Reasonable size Low Cost Constraints Anchored into stationary position Environmentally friendly Corrosion resistant

18. Functions and Requirements Highlights the Evaluation and Outcome of Evaluation Process FunctionsRequirements Pumping ForceUse wave energy to generate pumping force Pump WaterProduce sufficient amount of water Purify WaterProduce drinkable water Store WaterDispense clean water

19. PDS Table AttributeTypeMetric/RequirementUnitsNotes Utilize Wave Energy to produce pumping forceRequirement200lb forcePoundsPrimary Objective Anchored into stationary positionConstraint300lb Anchor + ChainPoundsCore functionality Pumps waterFunction800 psipsiCore functionality Purify WaterFunctionpH value / ppmpH / ppmPrimary Objective Store WaterFunctionTotal Volumeft^3Core functionality Environmentally FriendlyConstraint Range from sealed/non-toxic to unsealed/toxic "10-1"Req'd by law Pumping ForceFunction800 psipsi Produce Drinkable WaterRequirement1000-3000ppmppm Corrosion resistantConstraint1 year material lifespanyearsReq'd by client Simple to useObjectiveN/A Req'd by client Reasonable SizeObjectiveTotal Volumeft^3Req'd by client Produce sufficient amount of waterRequirement1 Gallon / 6 HoursGal/hrCore functionality Dispense clean waterRequirement1000-3000ppmppm Low CostObjectiveLess than $1,000DollarsLimited Budget

20. Evaluation of Design with respect to Objective/Requirements Black Box

21. Morph Chart Convert EnergyAnchoringPump WaterPurify WaterStore Water 1WavesAnchorPistonMembraneTank 2Vertical wavesCement blockRotational pumpVaporizationBucket 3Horizontal wavesRockScrew compressorBritta FilterStorage Chamber 4CurrentFlopper stopperElectric pumpCup 5TidalHydraulic pumpBottles 6Hand pump

22. Concept Evaluation Criteria A/C DesalConcept 2 (OG)Concept 3 (Lever)Concept 4 (Buoy OG) Simple to use 12.54 Reasonable Size 12.54 Low Cost 4132 SCORE 66117 Best In Class Pugh Chart Basic Pugh Chart CriteriaDatum (A/C Desal)Concept 2 (OG)Concept 3 (Lever)Concept 4 (Buoy OG) Utilize Wave Energy to produce pumping force +++ Anchored into stationary position +++ Pumps water +-+ Purify Water === Store Water === Environmentally Friendly +++ Corrosion resistant === Simple to use --- Reasonable Size -+- Produce sufficient amount of water --- Pluses444 Minuses333

23. Concept Drawings Concept 2 Concept 3 Concept 4

24. Engineering Analysis Modeling in MATLAB

25. Engineering Analysis and Design Decisions – Modeling in Excel ForceDiameterFlowKIssues lbingal/hourlb/in 500.2820.7794.167Too Small of a piston 1000.3991.5588.333Piston size 1500.4892.33812.500 2000.5643.11716.667 2500.6313.89620.833 3000.6914.67525.000 3500.7465.45529.167 4000.7986.23433.333 4500.8467.01337.500Bouy size 5000.8927.79241.667Bouy size 5500.9368.57145.833Bouy size 6000.9779.35150.000Bouy size 6501.01710.13054.167Needs counterweight 7001.05610.90958.333Needs counterweight 7501.09311.68862.500Needs counterweight 8001.12812.46866.667Needs counterweight 8501.16313.24770.833Needs counterweight 9001.19714.02675.000Needs counterweight 9501.23014.80579.167Needs counterweight 10001.26215.58483.333Needs counterweight

26. Engineering Analysis and Design Decisions – Modeling in Excel Depth (ft)Length (ft)Force (lb) 35105423.675 40120484.2 45135544.725 50150605.25 55165665.775 60180726.3 65195786.825 70210847.35 75225907.875 80240968.4 852551028.925 902701089.45 952851149.975 1003001210.5 1053151271.025 1103301331.55

27. Demonstration of Prototype

28. Budget and Timeline Issues Budget Range: $1,010 - $1,885 Majority of time spent in Engineering design and analysis work Will not take a large amount of time to build the prototype

29. Conclusions/Lessons Learned Piston and cylinder size are very small. Counter weights are not needed

30. Questions?